University Technology Transfer The globalization of academic innovation

Universities have become essential players in the generation of knowledge and innovation. Through the commercialization of technology, they have developed the ability to influence regional economic growth. By examining different commercialization models this book analyses technology transfer at universities as part of a national and regional system. It provides insight as to why certain models work better than others, and reaffirms that technology transfer programs must be linked to their regional and commercial environments. Using a global perspective on technology commercialization, this book divides the discussion between developed and developing counties according to the level of university commercialization capability. Critical cases as well as country reports examine the policies and culture of university involvement in economic development, relationships between university and industry, and the commercialization of technology first developed at universities. In addition, each chapter provides examples from specific universities in each country from a regional, national, and international comparative perspective. This book includes articles by leading practitioners as well as researchers andwill be highly relevant to all those with an interest in innovation studies, organizational studies, regional economics, higher education, public policy and business entrepreneurship.

Part I. Introduction 1. The Evolution of Technology Transfer Henry Etzkowitz 2. The Globalization of Academic Innovation Shiri M. Breznitz Part II. USA 3. The American Experience in University Technology Transfer Maryann Feldman and Paige Clayton 4. Technology Transfer Paradox of Success Henry Etzkowitz 5. De-Reifying Technology Transfer Metrics: To Address the Stages and Phases of TTO Development Henry Etzkowitz and Devrim Göktepe-Hultén 6. The Commercialization of New Drugs and Vaccines Discovered in Public Sector Research Ashley J. Stevens, , Jonathan J. Jensen, ,Katrine Wyller, Patrick C. Kilgore, Eric London, Sabarni K. Chatterjee, and Mark L. Rohrbaugh Part III. Developed Countries 7. The Island of Bliss? University technology Commercialization Practices in the Swiss Innovation System Christiane Gebhardt 8. UK University Models of Technology Transfer in a Global Economy Helen Lawton Smith and John Glasson 9. An Analysis of the Development of the Irish Technology Transfer System Ciara Fitzgerald, and Rory P O’ Shea 10. Commercialization and Tech Transfer Policies and Intellectual Property Regimes in Canada Nicola Hepburn and David A. Wolfe Part IV. Developing Countries 11. University Technology Transfer: The Case of Spain Adela García-Aracil, Elena Castro-Martínez, Joaquín M. Azagra-Caro, Pablo D’Este and, Ignacio Fernández de Lucio 12. University Technology Commercialization: The Case of Thailand Jarunee Wonglimpiyarat 13. University Technology Transfer: The Globalization of Academic Innovation in Russia Tatian Pospelova 14. The Role of Institutional Characteristics in Knowledge Transfer: A Comparative Analysis of Two Italian Universities Federica Rossi, Claudio Fassio, and Aldo Geuna 15. The Innovation law, The Creation of Technology Transfer Offices, and their Impact on the Brazilian Innovation Landscape Ana Lúcia Vitale Torkomian, Marli Elizabeth Ritter dos Santos, Thiago José Cysneiros Cavalcanti Soares 16. China’s University Technology Transfer System: Political Mobilization of Academy for Economic Growth Chunyan Zhou 17. University system in Vietnam: some technology transfer practice Tran Ngoc Ca Part V. What about University Technology Transfer? 18. In University Technology Transfer One Size Does Not Fit Them All: Comparing the Biological Sciences and Information Technology Martin Kenney and Donald Patton 19. International comparison of technology transfer data: the devil is in the details Frank J.M. Zwetsloot, Lodewijk L. Gelauff and Robert J.W. Tijssen 20. University Technology Transfer in Brazil: A Comprehensive Picture Guilherme Ary Plonski 21. The Ethos of University Technology Transfer: Aligning Transactional and Humanistic Values in a Bayh-Dole Regime Henry Etzkowitz 22. Technology Transfer in US Universities and Research Institutions Lita Nelsen Part VI. Conclusion 23. Making Sense of University Technology Commercialization: Diversity and Adaptation Shiri M. Breznitz and Henry Etzkowitz

Shiri M. Breznitz is Assistant Professor at the Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto, Canada. Henry Etzkowitz is Senior Researcher at the Human Sciences and Technologies Advanced Research Institute, Stanford University, USA , and Visiting Professor at School of Management, Birkbeck College, London University and Edinburgh University Business School, UK.