Transgressive Design Strategies for Utopian Cities Theories, Methodologies and Cases in Architecture and Urbanism

This book critically examines the philosophy of the term ‘transgression’ and how it shapes the utopian vision of contemporary urban design scenarios. The aim of this book is to provide scholarly yet accessible graphic novel illustrations to inform narratives of urban manifestos. Through four select case studies from the UK, Cyprus and Germany, the book highlights the paradoxes and contradictions in architecture and provides detailed evaluation of the limits and contemporary forms of sustainable urban regeneration. The book proposes an ‘utopian urban vision’ approach to social, political and cultural relations, trends and tensions – both locally and globally – and seeks to inspire an awakening in architectural discourse. The book argues that the philosophical undermining of transgression is the result of a phenomenon from a different perspective – its philosophical background, social construction, experimental research process and design implications on the city. As such, the book provides a critical examination of how architectural design interventions contribute to sustainable urban regeneration and gentrification and can impact local communities. This book provides a significant contribution to both undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as early career researchers working in architecture, planning and sustainable urban design. It offers effective guidance on adopting the state-of-the-art graphical illustrations into their own design projects, while considering contradictions between architectural discourse and the philosophy of transgression.

Preface Acknowledgments INTRODUCTION Bertug Ozarisoy1 and Hasim Altan2 PART 1 – FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE: ENVISIONING UTOPIAN URBAN DESIGN STRATEGIES 1 - ANALYSIS OF THE CONTEXT IN TWELVE TERMS Bertug Ozarisoy1 Introduction manifesto for the utopian urban design (i) Why Cyprus? manifesto for the utopian urban design (ii) Why Nicosia? manifesto for the utopian urban design (iii) What is the Green Line? manifesto for the utopian urban design (iv) Why United Nations’ Buffer Zone? manifesto for the utopian urban design (v) Why the Ledras Street Check Point? manifesto for the utopian urban design (vi) Why the Peace Hall? manifesto for the utopian urban design (vii) Why the Event of Creative Possibilities? manifesto for the utopian urban design (viii) What is the Cypriot Identity? manifesto for the utopian urban design (ix) Why Cypriots? manifesto for the utopian urban design (x) What are the issues of cultural identity of the city of Nicosia? manifesto for the utopian urban design (xi) What is the representational diaspora and the language of the Green Zone? Conclusions References 2 - SEARCHING A NEW DIASPORA FOR THE BUFFER ZONE Bertug Ozarisoy1 Introduction Speculation The Architecture of Transgression The Architecture of Violence The Spaces of Conflict Political Space: United Nations Buffer Zone Oppression & Occupation: Military Power Participatory-led Design Hidden Power Beyond Conflict: Participation Conclusions References 3 – POLITICAL DISCOURSE ACTS AS A TRANSNATIONAL CATALYST IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN INTERVENTIONS Bertug Ozarisoy1 Introduction Political space as a transnational instrument of the United Nations Buffer Zone Scoping the field and setting up the counteractive participant based architectural disseminations Setting up the research design approach for reclaiming architectural discourse in the United Nations Buffer Zone Stages of development in the decision making of architectural reconciliation process Creative possibilities, Birds, Narratives and Artefacts Learning from the exploratory case study design and its implications on architectural reconciliation process Beyond Theory: Learning from the Transgression A Manifesto: Multi-cultural Exchange and Unification Conclusions References 4 – TRANSGRESSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES TOWARDS UTOPIAN URBAN VISION FOR RECLAIMING ARCHITECTURAL DISCOURSE Bertug Ozarisoy1 Introduction Transgression as a way of creating urban utopia The city of Nicosia as base case urban scenario development A Representational diaspora and language of the Green Zone Scoping the field A Manifesto: Mapping invisibility to define a utopian urban vision for Nicosia Mapping the notion of transgression and vice versa The key design principles of creating an urban utopia Cultural diasporas for identifying main design principles of an urban utopia City of Agriculture: Cultivating green communities City of Trees: Celebrating annual food festival City of Birds: Echoes from the Green Zone City of Watchtowers: Re-inhabit birds Utopia versus a new Green Zone Conclusions References 5 – A UTOPIA Bertug Ozarisoy1 Introduction Of Futures and Utopias Visionary Utopian Urban Design Scenarios Utopian Urban Vision of Nicosia Utopia Versus a New Green Zone Symbolic Representation of New Green Zone Lifelines Monumental Representation Full Circle Maximum Diversity Intuitive Navigation Cosmopolitan Nature Public Spaces Green Religion Conclusions References 6 – REPRESENTATIONS OF DIASPORA, CULTURAL IDENTITY AND DIFFERENCE Bertug Ozarisoy1 Introduction Narrative memories of Turkish Cypriots’ living and their domestic space use History and Reasons of Immigration Migration and Cultural Practice of Turkish Cypriots from Cyprus to London: Narrative Memories Representational Space and Cultural Identity Context of Change and Displacement Cultural Practice of Turkish Cypriot Communities Space becomes as a way of cultural practice Subject participants’ interview transcripts The Poetics of Space Hybridity as a role of cultural practice Critics on cultural practice and space of the Turkish Cypriot Communities Conclusions References 7 – HOUSING AND POLICIES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM Young Ki Kim1 and Hasim Altan2 Introduction Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions Energy Efficiency of Housing Stock Space Heating Background on Policies Research on Emissions Cuts from UK Housing Scenarios New Homes Zero Carbon New Homes by 2016 How Zero Carbon will be Required or Encouraged Code for Sustainable Homes Construction of Zero carbon Houses Fuel Poverty in the UK Dwelling Characteristics and Efficiency Existing Programmes and Policies Government Funded Programmes Conclusions References 8 – CONCLUSION Bertug Ozarisoy1 and Hasim Altan2 Translations between transgression and utopia Transgression and radical practices are the concept Transgressions and radical practices versus border References PART 2 – LEARNING FROM THE GLOBE: URBAN REGENERATION, BRAND IDENTITY AND CITY MAKING 9 – INTRODUCTION Bertug Ozarisoy1 and Hasim Altan2 Transgression between architectural design and urban regeneration developments 10 – CASE STUDY 1 - King’s Cross Regeneration Development, London, United Kingdom Guillaume Delfesc1 and Bertug Ozarisoy2 King’s Cross, Past and Present Mapping existing physical conditions Design Proposals: Through mapping and prospective analysis and drawings Greening the city Urban linkage: Reclaiming urban agriculture Architectural design interventions: Courtyard houses References 11 – CASE STUDY 2 - Elephant & Castle Regeneration Development, London, United Kingdom Guillaume Delfesc1 Introduction The Architecture of Luxury: Key questions Brand identity versus Local identity Transgression between luxury brand and architecture The birth of the brand street An interview with the architect The shops The displacement between the Green Street and Walworth Road Urban Regeneration in Elephant and Castle Design Proposal: Through mapping and prospective analysis and drawings The Elephant & Castle Shopping Centre: A focal point for London A Manifesto - Urban development proposal: The New Elephant & Castle Conclusions References 12 – CASE STUDY 3 - Berlin: The State of Power, Kreuzberg, Berlin, Germany Guillaume Delfesc1 Berlin, Past and Present Existing urban conditions: Identification of leftover urban space in Kreuzberg A Manifesto: Conceptual stages of mix-use development project proposal References 13 – CASE STUDY 4 – Undercliffe Social Housing, Bradford, United Kingdom Hasim Altan1 and Young Ki Kim2 Introduction Construction Detail Heating system Ventilation System Monitoring Study Indoor Environments Monitoring Study Energy Consumption Monitoring Study Conclusions References 14 – CONCLUSION Bertug Ozarisoy1 and Hasim Altan2 Introduction Reviewing of case study locations A Future Outlook Conclusion and Recommendations References Index

Bertug Ozarisoy is an architect and expert in building energy modelling in Cyprus. His research focuses on understanding the theory between architecture and energy policy design in conjunction with exploring the impact of passive cooling systems on domestic energy use and households’ thermal comfort. He is interested in environmental design and the development of novel design applications throughout his architectural practice. He has ten years’ of experience in intensive teaching, academic research and architectural practice. He was involved with the BSc (Hons) Construction Management programme at the University of East London between September 2016 and 2018. He has developed teaching skills to demonstrate significant intellectual input to students’ technical drawings and monitor their learning adaptability and integration to the Construction Technology and Materials module. Currently, Dr. Bertug Ozarisoy is a postdoctoral researcher at the Middle East Technical University (METU) Northern Cyprus Campus where he teaches two post-graduate taught courses, which are entitled ‘Deep Energy Retrofit’ and ‘Environmental Design and Engineering’, as part of his postdoctoral research in the Sustainable Environment and Energy Systems (SEES) programme. He is also the first author of many scholarly articles relevant to the building engineering field. He has been mostly involved with research projects in the Sustainable Development of the Built Environment (SDBE) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Europe. Hasim Altan is Professor of Sustainable Design and Architectural Engineering in the Faculty of Design, and Director of the Research Centre at Arkin University of Creative Arts and Design (ARUCAD) in Kyrenia, Cyprus. He is a Chartered Architect (RIBA) and a Chartered Engineer (CIBSE) with over 20 years of academic and practice experience in the field of Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) in the Built Environment in UK, Europe, Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions. He sits on several editorial boards and reviews project proposals for the European Commission, UK Research Councils and Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF) of the Qatar Foundation. Since 2004, he has, singly or jointly, secured and directed 32 research grants worth over £21 million. He is a founding member of the International Network on Zero Energy Mass Custom Home (ZEMCH), which has so far organised eight international conferences, several design workshops, and numerous technical visits. As well as having supervised 17 successful PhD students, Prof. Dr. Altan has published over 280 refereed international journal and conference papers, technical reports, edited books and chapters and editorials in related fields.