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ganapathy v. - steam generators and waste heat boilers

Steam Generators and Waste Heat Boilers For Process and Plant Engineers




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Dettagli

Genere:Libro
Lingua: Inglese
Editore:

CRC Press

Pubblicazione: 11/2014
Edizione: 1° edizione





Note Editore

Incorporates Worked-Out Real-World Problems Steam Generators and Waste Heat Boilers: For Process and Plant Engineers focuses on the thermal design and performance aspects of steam generators, HRSGs and fire tube, water tube waste heat boilers including air heaters, and condensing economizers. Over 120 real-life problems are fully worked out which will help plant engineers in evaluating new boilers or making modifications to existing boiler components without assistance from boiler suppliers. The book examines recent trends and developments in boiler design and technology and presents novel ideas for improving boiler efficiency and lowering gas pressure drop. It helps plant engineers understand and evaluate the performance of steam generators and waste heat boilers at any load. Learn How to Independently Evaluate the Thermal Performance of Boilers and Their Components This book begins with basic combustion and boiler efficiency calculations. It then moves on to estimation of furnace exit gas temperature (FEGT), furnace duty, view factors, heat flux, and boiler circulation calculations. It also describes trends in large steam generator designs such as multiple-module; elevated drum design types of boilers such as D, O, and A; and forced circulation steam generators. It illustrates various options to improve boiler efficiency and lower operating costs. The author addresses the importance of flue gas analysis, fire tube versus water tube boilers used in chemical plants, and refineries. In addition, he describes cogeneration systems; heat recovery in sulfur plants, hydrogen plants, and cement plants; and the effect of fouling factor on performance. The book also explains HRSG simulation process and illustrates calculations for complete performance evaluation of boilers and their components. Helps plant engineers make independent evaluations of thermal performance of boilers before purchasing them Provides numerous examples on boiler thermal performance calculations that help plant engineers develop programming codes with ease Follows the metric and SI system, and British units are shown in parentheses wherever possible Includes calculation procedures for the basic sizing and performance evaluation of a complete steam generator or waste heat boiler system and their components with appendices outlining simplified procedures for estimation of heat transfer coefficients Steam Generators and Waste Heat Boilers: For Process and Plant Engineers serves as a source book for plant engineers, consultants, and boiler designers.




Sommario

Combustion Calculations Introduction Moisture in Air Combustion Calculations Estimation of Heating Values Burner Selection Combustion Temperatures Simplified Procedure for Estimating Combustion Temperatures Gas Turbine Exhaust Combustion Calculations Boiler Efficiency Firing Fuels with Low Heating Values Firing of Multiple Fuels Emission Conversion Calculations: Steam Generators Converting ppmvd of NOx to mg/Nm3 Converting Turbine Exhaust Emissions Low-Temperature Corrosion in Boilers Condensation of Acid Vapors in Low-Temperature Heat Sinks References Steam Generator Furnace Design Advantages of Water-Cooled Furnaces Heat Release Rates Furnace Exit Gas Temperature Evaluation Empirical Formula for Furnace Duty Estimation Furnace Duty with Combination Firing Distribution of Heat Flux around Tubes and Fins Distribution of Radiation to Tube Banks Relating Heat Flux from Furnace to inside Tubes External Radiation to Heat Transfer Surfaces at Furnace Exit Terms Frequently Used in Furnace Performance Estimating Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficient Estimating Fin Tip Temperature Boiling Process Boiler Circulation Thom’s Method for Estimating Losses Circulation Calculations Flow Stratification in Horizontal Tubes Correlations for CHF (Critical Heat Flux) and Allowable Steam Quality Circulation Problems Guidelines for Good Circulation System Design References Steam Generators Introduction Large Package Boilers Water-Cooled Furnaces Major Changes in Boiler Design Absence of Air Heater Emissions Affect Steam Generator Designs Custom-Designed Boilers Novel Ideas Boiler Classification Improving Boiler Efficiency Steam Generators for Oil Sands Application Superheaters Steam Generators with Import and Export Steam Flow in Parallel Paths Steam Inlet and Exit Nozzle Location Off-Design Performance of Superheater Case Study of a Superheater with Tube Failure Problems Steam Generator Design and Performance Performance without Economizer Tube Wall Temperature Estimation at Economizer Inlet Methods to Minimize Low-Temperature Corrosion Problems Precautions to Minimize Corrosion in Operation Water Chemistry, Carryover, Steam Purity Fire Tube Boilers References Waste Heat Boilers Introduction Water Tube Waste Heat Boilers: Sizing and Performance Kalina Cycle Fluid Heaters and Film Temperature Design of Fire Tube Boilers Air Heaters Heat Pipes Design of Tubular Air Heaters Waste Heat Boiler Data (Thermal Design) References HRSG Simulation Introduction What Is HRSG Simulation? Applications of HRSG Simulation Understanding Pinch and Approach Points Estimating Steam Generation and Gas–Steam Temperature Profiles Why Cannot We Arbitrarily Select the Pinch and Approach Points? Why Should Pinch and Approach Points Be Selected in Unfired Mode? Simulation of HRSG Evaporator Supplementary Firing Off-Design Performance Evaluation How Accurate Is Simulation? Steaming in Economizer Field Data Evaluation Single- or Multiple-Pressure HRSG Split Superheater Design Fresh Air Firing Efficiency of HRSG Cogeneration Plant Application Optimizing HRSG Arrangement Application of Simulation to Understand the Effect of Ambient Conditions Applying Margins on Exhaust Gas Flow and Temperature Conclusion References Miscellaneous Boiler Calculations Condensing Economizers Wall Temperature of Uninsulated Duct, Stack Insulation Calculations Drum Coil Heater: Bath Heater Sizing Checking Heat Transfer Equipment for Noise and Vibration Problems Steam Drum Calculations Estimating Flow in Blowdown Lines Theory Flow Instability in Two-Phase Circuits Transient Calculations Fan Calculations References Appendices Conversion Factors Glossary Nomenclature Index




Autore

V. Ganapathy is a consultant on steam generators and waste heat boilers based in Chennai, India. He has over 42 years of experience in the engineering of steam generators and waste heat boilers with emphasis on thermal design, performance, and heat transfer aspects. He also develops custom software on boiler design and performance. He holds a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from IIT Madras and an MSc (Engg.) from Madras University. Ganapathy has published over 250 articles on steam generators and thermal design and has authored five books on boilers, the latest being Industrial Boilers and HRSGs (Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, Florida).










Altre Informazioni

ISBN:

9781482247121

Condizione: Nuovo
Collana: Mechanical Engineering
Dimensioni: 10 x 7 in Ø 2.56 lb
Formato: Copertina rigida
Illustration Notes:233 b/w images, 149 tables and 18 equations
Pagine Arabe: 540


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