Routledge Handbook of Chinese Architecture Social Production of Buildings and Spaces in History

This handbook, representing the collaboration of 40 scholars, provides a multi-faceted exploration of roughly 6,000 years of Chinese architecture, from ancient times to the present. This volume combines a broad-spectrum approach with a thematic framework for investigating Chinese architecture, integrating previously fragmented topics and combining the scholarship of all major periods of Chinese history. By organizing its approach into five parts, this handbook: Traces the practices and traditions of ancient China from imperial authority to folk culture Unveils a rich picture of early modern and republican China, revealing that modernization was already beginning to emerge Describes the social, intellectual, ideological, and formal enterprises of socialist architecture Frames a window on a complex and changing contemporary China by focusing on autonomy, state practices, and geopolitics of design, ultimately identifying its still evolving position on the world stage Examines the existing cultural and political theories to highlight potential avenues for future transformations in Chinese architecture that also retain Chinese identity Providing a pioneering combination of ancient and modern Chinese architecture in one coherent study, this book is a must-read for scholars, students, and educators of Chinese architecture, architectural history and theory, and the architecture of Asia.

Introduction 1 Reassembling for a Chinese Architecture: Notes for a New Departure Jianfei Zhu , Chen Wei, and Li Hua PART I: ANCIENT AND DYNASTIC TRADITION State Governance Over Building and City Planning 2 The Chinese City in the Service of the State Nancy S. Steinhardt 3 Typical Design Features of Ming Palaces and Altars in Beijing Fu Xinian 4 Imperial Cities: Critical Changes in Urban Paradigm from Sui-Tang to Song Heng Chye Kiang 5 Yingzao Fashi: The Book and Methodical Issues for Studying It Pan Guxi Literati Culture and Social Production 6 Literati Gardens of the Jiangnan Region: Characters and Mutations Gu Kai 7 Cang Lang Pavilion of Suzhou: Sentiment, Scenery, Aura, and Meaning Chen Wei 8 Landscape Urbanism: Urban–Rural Relations in Hangzhou of Southern Song China Jia Xu 9 Confucian Authority: Analysis of School-Temples at Imperial Academy of Beijing Shen Yang Folk Culture and Vernacular Practice 10 Fengshui Practice and Urban Development in Ancient China: An Outline Dong Wei 11 Yang Yunsong and the Jiangxi School of Fengshui Practice in Southern China Cheng Jianjun 12 Carpentry In Vernacular Building Practice: The Master’s WayChang Yu-yu 13 Vernacular Architecture: Themes and Variations Over a Large Country Ho Puay Peng PART II: REPUBLICAN AND EARLY MODERN TRANSFORMATION The Arrival of “Architecture”: Profession, Knowledge, and Education 14 Emergence of “Architecture”: In the Reform Years of Late Qing Dynasty Xu Subin 15 The Architect as a Profession in Republican China: Rising Under the State Wang Xiaoqian Modern Building Practice: Style and Technology 16 Building Technology in Republican China and Its Historical Legacies Li Haiqing 17 Chinese Classical Revival: Nanjing, Capital of Republican China (1910s–40s) Zhou Qi and Ji Qiu Modern City Construction and Spatial Formation 18 From Hankou Town to Greater Wuhan: Urban Spatial Organizations in Early Modern China Li Baihao 19 Modern Edutainment Space: Public Parks in Early Twentieth-Century China Zhang Tianjie PART III: SOCIALIST-MAOIST MODERNIZATION Spatial Construction and City Planning Under Socialist Ideology 20 Socialist Urban Planning in Mao’s China (1949–1976) Li Baihao 21 Danwei and Socialist Urbanism Duanfang Lu Practice, Education, and Knowledge Production 22 The Design Institute in Mao’s China (1950s–70s) Ke Song 23 Architectural Education in China (1950s–1980s): Constructing and Deconstructing Qian Feng 24 Theories of Spatial Composition: Design Knowledge in China up to the 1980s Li Hua 25 Liang and Liu: Strategies for Writing an Architectural History in the 1950s Zhuge Jing Architecture in Socialist China: Nationalism and Modernism 26 National Style: Thinking and Building for a New Republic in Beijing (1949–1959) Jianfei Zhu 27 Towards a Regional Modernism in Chinese Architecture (1930s–70s) Eduard Kögel 28 For a Modernism: Huang and Feng at Shanghai’s Tongji Architectural Programme Lu Yongyi 29 Building Canton Fair: Towards a Regional Modernism in Southern China (1950s–1980s) Jiang Feng PART IV: CONTEMPORARY HISTORIES: CHINA IN THE WORLD Architects and the Issue of Autonomy 30 Critical Pragmatism: Architects as Refl exive Individuals in Contemporary China Li Xiangning 31 Architects as Authoring Individuals: Y. H. Chang, Liu Jiakun, and Wang Shu Hing-Wah Chau State Design Institutes in the Reform Era 32 From Mao to Market: Evolution of the State Design Institutes in China Charlie Q. L. Xue and Guanghui Ding 33 The Chinese Design Institute: A Critique of “Critical Thinking” Jianfei Zhu CBDs: Global Spectacles 34 Objects in Territories Along Avenues: Spatial Planning in Beijing and Shanghai Peter G. Rowe and Har Ye Kan 35 Iconic Architecture in China (2000s): Historical Reading or Marxist Critique Ming Wu 36 Urban–Rural Development in China and a Way Forward With “New Urbanization” Wang Jianguo Geopolitical Differentiations 37 “Chinese Cultural Renaissance” and a Chinese Neoclassicism: Taiwan (1960s–80s) Chao-ching Fu 38 Architects as Reflexive Individuals: Taiwan and Hong Kong Since the 1950s Ke Song PART V: THEORIZATION Culture and Epistemology 39 Ten Lamps of Architecture in Chinese Culture Wang Guixiang 40 Deriving Architectural Theory From Chinese Philosophy: ThinkingWith Xunzi David Wang 41 Figuration: Writing, Memory, and Cities in Chinese Culture Shiqiao Li 42 Signs of Empire: Scale and Statehood in Chinese Culture Jianfei Zhu Political Ethics 43 The State Function of Architecture Shiqiao Li 44 Political Space and Moral Statehood Jianfei Zhu Methodology 45 Studies on Architecture of Ancient China: As in Part I Chen Wei , Li Hua, and Jianfei Zhu 46 Perspectives on Architecture of (Modern) China: As in Parts II–V and Part I Jianfei Zhu , Li Hua, and Chen Wei

Jianfei Zhu is Professor of East Asian Architecture at Newcastle University UK, author of Chinese Spatial Strategies (2004) and Architecture of Modern China (2009) with Routledge, as well as Forms and Politics (2018) and works on space, power, visuality, and geopolitics with a Chinese focus. Chen Wei is Professor, Director, History and Theory Research Institute, Southeast University China, eminent historian and architect on literati gardens and author of Private Gardens (1999), Collected Works of Chen Wei (2015), Ornament of Jiangnan (2016), Walking Along the Grand Canal (2 vols, 2013) in Chinese. Li Hua, PhD (AA), Professor, Deputy Director, History and Theory Research Institute, Southeast University, is author of ‘“Composition” and Regularisation of Architectural Production in Contemporary China’ (2010) and other papers in China’s top journal Jianzhu Xuebao, and editor-in-chief of bilingual AS series on architectural theory.