Acknowledgments Introduction SECTION 1 THE NATURE OF REPORT WRITING CHAPTER 1 The Why and How of Report Writing Why Do You Write Reports? Law Enforcement Reports Security Reports Corrections Reports Probation and Parole Officer Reports Forensic and Scientific Reports How Do You Write Reports? Writing the Log Do Not Copy Randomly Chosen Models How Do You Get Started? What Kind of Notebook Should You Use? How Much Should You Record in a Notebook? Investigate, Do Not Just Record Do Not Use Legalese or Old-fashioned Terminology Should You Use Abbreviations? Add Sketches, Photographs, and Diagrams Evidence for Law Enforcement Types of Evidence Evidence Collected for Security Evidence Collected for Probation and Parole Need for Documentation What Should Be Documented? The ABCs of Report Writing (Whatever Your Field) Summary Chapter 1—Test CHAPTER 2 Starting to Write Planning Your Writing Completing the Face Page Review Your Notes Make a "Shopping List" Place Information in Groups Label the Groups Place Groups in Order Writing the Report Subheadings Proofreading and Revisions Sample Writing Exercise Using the Shopping List Method Creating a Shopping List from Notes Grouping the Shopping List Labeling the Shopping List Placing the Labeled Shopping List in Order Final Report Basic Recommendations for Writing Reports Spelling, Jargon, and Abbreviation Verb Tense Active versus Passive Voice Pronoun Agreement Third Person versus First Person Gender-Neutral Language Superfluous Words or Legalese Accurate and Factual Reporting Conciseness Promptness Summary Chapter 2—Test CHAPTER 3 The Face Page UCR Crime Definitions Part I Offenses Part II Offenses Methods of Gathering Information Correct Abbreviation and Capitalization Dealing with Names Writing a Good Synopsis Keeping Up with Trends Summary Chapter 3—Test CHAPTER 4 The Narrative—The Continuation Page and Follow-Up Report Continuation Page, Follow-Up Report, and Supplementary Report or Material What is Your Purpose? Who are Your Readers? Chronological Organization Using Military Time Headings and Subheadings as a Way of Organizing Creating Visual Impact and Ease of Reading Avoiding Repetition and Meaningless Material Getting Rid of Stereotyped Fillers Summary Chapter 4—Test CHAPTER 5 Habits that Make for Speedy Writing Writing about People You and Your Fellow Employees Describing Other People Writing about Property Writing about Places Specific Parts of a Location Describing MOs and Trademarks Definitions of MO and Trademark Avoid Being called on Your Time Off Summary Chapter 5—Test CHAPTER 6 Other Types of Writing Learning from the Short Memo Writing a Letter Faxes, Emails, and Other Electronic Media Recording Minutes of a Meeting The Presentence Investigation Report Research and Other Reports Summary Learning from the Short Memo Writing the Letter Recording the Meeting Presentence Investigation Report Research and Other Reports Chapter 6—Test CHAPTER 7 Reading and Correcting Reports Common Problem Areas Use of Word Processors Improving the Agency by Helping the Individual Summary Chapter 7—Test SECTION 2 THE MECHANICS OF REPORT WRITING CHAPTER 8 Simplified Study of Grammar Identifying Parts of Speech Using One Word in Several Ways Using Verbs in the Past Tense The Sentence Direct Objects Versus Indirect Objects: Learning the Patterns Identifying Active and Passive Verbs Identifying Independent and Dependent Clauses Recognizing Prepositional, Participial, and Infinitive Phrases Using Phrases as Adverbs, Adjectives, and Nouns Prepositional Phrases Participial Phrases Infinitive Phrases Using Prepositions in Your Report Prepositions Commonly Used with Certain Verbs Prepositions Commonly Used After Certain Expressions Summary Chapter 8—Test CHAPTER 9 Avoiding Errors in Sentence Structure The Run-on Sentence—Source of Many Errors Block Method of Visualizing Sentence Structure Punctuation Problems Subject–Verb Agreement Noun–Pronoun Agreement Dangling Participles Sentence Fragments Summary Chapter 9—Test CHAPTER 10 Making Punctuation Work The Comma The Semicolon The Colon The Apostrophe The Ellipsis Parentheses Quotation Marks The Dash Underlines Summary Chapter 10—Test CHAPTER 11 Breaking the Spelling Jinx Take Special Care with Names Learn Words Commonly used in Report Writing Commonly Misspelled Words Study Common Problem Areas Clearing Up the "-ing" Confusion Learning Words with Tricky Letter Combinations Forming Plurals Dealing with Other Complexities of the English Language Strengthen Your Overall Writing Ability Developing Proofreading Techniques Summary Chapter 11—Test CHAPTER 12 Using or Abusing Words Biases Slang and Dialects Do not Use Legalese Avoid using Words or Phrases that Draw Conclusions Improve Your Vocabulary Synonyms, Antonyms, and Homonyms Jargon Avoiding Sexism Avoiding Racism Considering Ageism Semantics Nonverbal Communication Developing Your Vocabulary Summary Chapter 12—Test CHAPTER 13 Abbreviating and Capitalizing Abbreviating to Save Time and Space Numbers and Codes used for Abbreviation Clarify Abbreviations Abbreviations of Latin Terms Changing Rules Be Consistent Postal Abbreviations for States and Territories Capitalization Do not Overcapitalize General Rules for Capitalization Capitalizing and Indenting for Brevity and Impact Summary Chapter 13—Test SECTION 3 THE MODERNIZATION OF REPORT WRITING CHAPTER 14 Innovations in Criminal Justice Report Writing Identifying Criminals Identifying Trends Improving Ways of Sharing Information Innovations Translated Forms Report Writing Software The Crime Lab Automatic Fingerprint Identification System Use of Computers and Television Looking Toward the Future Summary and Conclusion Summary Chapter 14—Test Appendix A: Model Reports Appendix B: Examples of Agency Instructions for Completing Report Forms Appendix C: Selected Readings References Index
