Psychiatric Disorders Methods and Protocols

This second edition volume expands on the previous edition with updates to chapters and new chapters discussing the latest research in neuropsychiatric diseases. The chapters in this book are organized into eleven sections and cover the diversity and utility of animal models of psychiatric disorders, their development, modelling, and pathophysiological and molecular profiles. Part One looks at experimental modeling of neuropsychiatric studies and the usefulness and need of animal models. Parts Two and Three focus on experimental models of neuropsychiatric illnesses, including self-injurious behavior, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and learning and decision-making testing. Parts Four and Five discuss animal models of substance abuse. Part Six describes protocols to examine animal models related to maladaptive eating habits and behaviors. Parts Seven and Eight cover neurodegenerative diseases stemming from natural causes (aging), abnormal genetic backgrounds, or those brought on by trauma. Part Nine talks about inflammatory and metabolic alteration profiles relevant to autism spectrum disorders and depression. Parts Ten and Eleven conclude the book with a discussion on genetics, epigenetics, and system biology in the field of psychiatric disorders. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Cutting-edge and thorough, Psychiatric Disorders: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a useful resource for graduates, postdoctoral workers, and established scientists working in the fields of behavioral and molecular neuropsychiatric research.   

Dedication…
Acknowledgment…
Foreword…
Preface…
Table of Contents…
Contributing Authors…

Part I: Overview of the Animal Research in Psychiatric Illness 

1. Enhancing the Utility of Preclinical Research in Neuropsychiatry Drug Development 
Arie Kaffman, Jordon White, Lan Wei, Frances K. Johnson, and John H. Krystal

2. Qualitative vs. Quantitative Methods in Psychiatric Research: Updated
Benjamin Srivastava, Firas H. Kobiessy, and Mark S. Gold

Part II: Overview of Animal Models of Psychiatric Illness 

3. Animal Models of Self-Injurious Behavior: An Update 
Darragh P. Devine

4. Bipolar Disorder: Its Etiology and How to Model in Rodents 
Nadja Freund and Georg Juckel

5. Recent Updates in Modeling Risky Decision Making in Rodents
Caitlin A. Orsini, Shelby L. Blaes, Barry Setlow, and Nicholas W. Simon

Part III: Methods of Animal Models of Psychiatric Illness 

6. The Pemoline Model of Self-Injurious Behavior: An Update
Darragh P.  Devine

7. Rodent Models of Adaptive Value Learning and Decision Making
Alicia Izquierdo, Claudia Aguirre, Evan E. Hart, and Alexandra Stolyarova

8. The Visually-Mediated Social Preference Test: A Novel Technique to Measure Social Behavior and Behavioral Disturbances in Zebrafish
William H.J. Norton, Line Manceau, and Florian Reichmann

9. Animal Models of Intoxication by Metal Elements: A Focus on Neurobehavioral Injuries
Abdellatif Abbaoui, LahcenTamegart, and Halima Gamrani

10. Animal Models of Early-Life Adversity
Hajar Benmhammed, Samer El Hayek, Inssaf Berkiks, Hicham Elmostafi, Rim Bousalham,  Abdelhalim Mesfioui, Ali Ouichou, and Aboubaker El Hessni

Part IV: Overview of Animal Models of Substance Abuse

11. Nicotine Self-Administration as Paradigm for Medication Discovery for Smoking Cessation: Recent Findings in Medications Targeting the Cholinergic System
Jose M. Trigo and Bernard Le Foll

12. The Human Laboratory and Drug Development in Alcohol Use Disorder: Recent Updates
Chidera Chukwueke and Bernard Le Foll

13. Rodent Models of Methamphetamine Misuse: Mechanisms of Methamphetamine Action and Comparison of Different Rodent Paradigms
Hiba Hasan, Samar Abdelhady, Muhammad Haidar, Christina Fakih, Samer El Hayek, Stefania Mondello, Firas Kobeissy, Abdullah Shaito

Part V: Methods of Animal Models of Substance Abuse

14. Recent Updates in Animal Models of Nicotine Withdrawal: Intracranial Self-Stimulation and Somatic Signs
Brandon Levin, Isaac Wilks, Sijie Tan, Azin Behnood-Rod, and Adriaan Bruijnzeel

15. Methods for Evaluating the Interaction between Social Stress and Environmental Enrichment in Animal Models of Nicotine Addiction 
Patricia Mesa-Gresa, Aránzazu Duque, Santiago Monleón, Concepción Vinader-Caerols, and Rosa Redolat 

16. An Animal Model of Alcohol Binge Drinking: Chronic-Intermittent Ethanol Administration in Rodents 
Santiago Monleón, Aránzazu Duque, Patricia Mesa-Gresa, Rosa Redolat, and Concepción Vinader-Caerols

Part VI: Methods of Animal Models of Eating Disorders

17. Animal Models of Eating Disorders 
Maria Scherma, Roberto Collu, Valentina Satta, Elisa Giunti, and Paola Fadda

18. Protocols Using Rodents to Model Eating Disorders in Humans
Neil E. Rowland 

Part VII: Review of Animal Models of Aging, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Traumatic Brain Injury

19. Updates in PTSD Animal Models Characterization
Lei Zhang, Xianzhang Hu, He Li, Xiaoxia Li, Tianzheng Yu, Jacob Dohl, and Robert J. Ursano

20. Overview on Emotional Behavioral Testing in Rodent Models of Pediatric Epilepsy
Yasser Medlej, Houssein Salah, Lara Wadi, Sarah Saad, Rita Asdiguian, Nabil Karnib, Dima Ghazal, Bashir Bashir, Jad Allam, and Makram Obeid

Part VIII: Methods of Animal Models of Aging, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Traumatic Brain Injury

21. Neurological Exam in Rats following Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury
Hale Z. Toklu, Zhiui Yang, Mehmet Ersahin, and Kevin K.W. Wang

22.  Y Shaped Maze to Test Spontaneous Object Recognition and Temporal Order Memory after Traumatic Brain Injury
Hala Darwish and Hiba Hasan

23. An Animal Model to Test Reversal of Cognitive Decline Associated with Beta Amyloid Pathologies
Farah Deba, Steven Peterson, and Ayman K. Hamouda

24. Methods in Emotional Behavioral Testing in Immature Epilepsy Rodent Models
Houssein Salah, Yasser Medlej, Nabil Karnib, Nora Darwich, Rita Asdikian, Sarah Wehbe, Ghadir Makki, and Makram Obeid

25. Methods in Electrode Implantation and Wiring for Long-Term Continuous EEG Monitoring in Rodent Models of Epilepsy and Behavioral Disturbances
Yasser Medlej, Houssein Salah, Lara Wadi, Zahraa Atoui, Yasser Fadlallah, Rita Asdiguian, Rana Bou Khalil, Rabih Hashash, and Makram Obeid

26. Behavior Model for Assessing Decline in Executive Function during Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases 
Brittney Yegla, Thomas C Foster, and Ashok Kumar

27. Animal Model for Leigh Syndrome
Yasmeen M. Taalab, Mohamed El-Gamal, Sara El-Desouky, Wael Mohamed, and Mohamed Salama

Part IX: Inflammatory and Metabolic Profiles Relevant to Neuropsychiatric Disorders

28. Peripheral Biomarkers of Inflammation in Depression: Evidence from Animal Models and Clinical Studies
J.P. Brás, S. Pinto, M. I. Almeida, J. Prata, O. von Doellinger, R. Coelho, M. A. Barbosa, and S. G. Santos

29. The Contribution of Inflammation to Autism Spectrum Disorders: Recent Clinical Evidence
J. Prata, A. S. Machado, O. von Doellinger, M. I. Almeida, M. A. Barbosa, R. Coelho, and S. G. Santos

30. Interleukin-2 and the Septohippocampal System:  An Update on Intrinsic Actions and Autoimmune Processes Relevant to Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Samer El Hayek, Farah Allouch, Luna Geagea, and Farid Talih

31. The Probiotic Mixture VSL#3 Reverses Olanzapine-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction in Mice
Navneet Dhaliwal, Jatinder Dhaliwal, Dhirendra Pratap Singh, Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi, Mahendra Bishnoi, and Kanwaljit Chopra

Part X: Overview and Methods of Genetic Animal Models of Neuropsychiatric Disorders

32. Genetic Studies of Tic Disorders and Tourette’s Syndrome
Yanjie Qi, Yi Zheng, Zhanjiang Li , Zhisheng Liu and Lan Xiong

33. MeCP2 Dysfunction in Rett Syndrome and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Eunice W.M. Chin and Eyleen L.K. Goh

34. Behavioral Characterization of MeCP2 Dysfunction-Associated Rett Syndrome and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Eunice W.M. Chin and Eyleen L.K. Goh

Part XI: Role of Genetics, Molecular Techniques, and Epigenetics in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

35. The Role of Epigenetics in Addiction: Clinical Overview and Recent Updates
Antoine Beayno, Samer El Hayek, Paul Noufi, Yara Tarabay, and Wael Shamseddeen

36. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Techniques in Neuropsychiatric Research 
Andrew A. Bartlett and Richard G. Hunter

37. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for Analyzing Transcription Factor Activity at the Level of Peripheral Myelin Gene Promoters
Joelle Makoukji

38. Study of Myelin Genes Expression in the Central Nervous System using Real Time PCR
Diala El Khoury

39. Enhanced Molecular Appreciation of Psychiatric Disorders through High-Dimensionality Data Acquisition and Analytics
Jaana van Gastel, Jhana O. Hendrickx, Hanne Leysen, Bronwen Martin, Len Veenker, Sophie Beuning, Violette Coppens, Manuel Morrens, and Stuart Maudsley