Phosphate and Minerals in Health and Disease

We are pleased to present to our readers the Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Phosphate and Other Minerals which was held in Strasbourg during June 22-24, 1979. It was hosted by Professor Henri Jahn, Professor of Medicine and Chief, Department of Nephrology at the University of Strasbourg. These Workshops have become a tradition in the scientific scene of mineral metabolism. The meetings have been providing a unique framework for close interaction between scientists from various disciplines, such as nephrologists, endocrinologists, bio­ chemists, nutritionists, and those dealing with bone metabolism. The Workshops also created a forum for the delivery of original information, as well as state-of-the-art presentations on exciting topics of current interest in this evergrowing field of phosphate and mineral homeostasis. The Fourth International Workshop was attended by three­ hundred scientists from 15 countries including Austria, Canada, Denmark, England, France, Germany, Holland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Sweden, Switzerland and the United States of America. The topics discussed included those dealing with the renal handling of phos­ phate, calcium and magnesium, intermediary phosphate metabolism and phosphate homeostasis in health and disease. Two symposia were also presented: one dealt with nephrolithiasis and its rela­ tion to phosphate and the other with bone metabolism. In addition to 22 presentations by invited speakers, the Workshop provided 46 oral and 93 poster presentations selected from over 250 abstracts submitted to the Organizing Committee.

I. Renal Handling of Phosphate, Calcium, and Magnesium.- The Control of Phosphate Uptake by the Isolated Renal Tubule.- Sodium-Dependent Transport of Inorganic Phosphate across the Renal Brush Border Membrane.- Phosphate Transport in Isolated and Perfused Renal Tubules.- Calcium Transport in the Pars Recta and the Loop of Henle.- Renal Magnesium Transport and the Effects of Hypermagnesemia, Hypercalcemia, Body Magnesium Stores, and Parathyroid Hormone.- The Interrelationship between Phosphate and Magnesium Metabolism.- PO4 Transport in Superficial and Juxtamedullary Nephrons in the Cat: Evidence for Nephron Heterogeneity.- Adaptive Changes in Renal Cortical Brush Border Membrane.- Micropuncture Study of Distal Tubular Activation of Phosphate Reabsorption in the Rat.- The Influence of D-Glucose on Phosphate Absorption in the Rat Proximal Tubule.- Tubular Localization of the Effect of 1,25-Dihydroxy-Vitamin D3 and Dietary Phosphate on the Transport of Phosphate in Thyroparathyroid-Ectomized Rats.- Natriuresis and Phosphaturia During Extracellular Volume Expansion, Blood Volume Expansion, or Stimulation of the Intrathoracic Volume Receptors.- Adaptation of Tubular Phosphate Transport: Relation between Phosphate Requirement, as Influenced by Growth, and Supply.- Indirect Effect of Hypercapnia on the Phosphaturia of Respiratory Acidosis.- Phosphate Handling by the Remnant Dog Kidney in the Presence and Absence of the Contralateral Normal Kidney.- Phosphate Transport in the Rabbit Cortical Collecting Tubule.- Additivity of the Phoshaturic Action of Parathyrin and Calcitonin in the Rat Kidney.- The Effect of Bicarbonate on Anion Reabsorption along the Dog Nephron.- The Phosphaturie Action of PTH in the Steady State in Patients with Normal and Impaired Renal Function.- Mechanism of the Phosphaturia Due to Chlorothiazide.- Effect of Unilateral Nephrectomy and Its Accompanying Hemodynamic Changes on Calcium and Phosphate Excretion in the Dog.- Effect of Metabolic Adicosis and Alkalosis on the Renal Response to Parathyroid Hormone Infusion in Normal Man.- II. Phosphate Homeostasis in Health and Disease.- Phosphate Metabolic Control of Potassium Movement - Its Effect on Osmotic Pressure of the Cell.- Phosphate and Acid-Base Homeostasis.- Phosphate, Calcium, and Lipid Metabolism.- Protective Effect of Phosphate Restriction on Renal Function.- Pharmacology of Disodium (3-Amino-1-Hydroxypropylidene)-1, 1-Bis-Phosphonate.- Effect of Phosphate on the Arginine-Induced Insulin Release by the Isolated Perfused Rat Pancreas.- Response of Red Cell Phosphate to Acute and Chronic Changes in Plasma Phosphate in Man.- Chronic Hypophosphatemia in Kidney Transplanted Children and Young Adults.- Pathogenesis of Hypophosphatemia in Kidney Necrograft Recipients: A Controlled Trial.- Effect of Acute Metabolic Acidosis on Plasma Phosphorus Concentration.- Calcium Carbonate-Induced Effects on Serum Ca X P Product and Serum Creatinine in Renal Failure: A Retrospective Study.- Divalent Ions in Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid: Effect of Hypercalcemia, Hyperphosphatemia, Renal Failure, and Parathyroid Hormone.- Effects of Disodium Dichloromethylene Diphosphate (C12MDP) on Paget’s Diseast of Bone.- III. Phosphate Depletion.- Function of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) in Hypophosphatemic Myopathy.- Selective Phosphorus Deficiency in the Hyperalimented Hypophosphatemic Dog and Phosphorylation Potentials in the Muscle Cell.- Effects of Severe Phosphate Deprivation in Growing Chicks and Possible Role of Vitamin D.- Abnormalities of Glycogen Metabolism in Cardiomyopathy ofPhosphorous Depletion.- Altered Vitamin D, Cyclic Nucleotide, and Trace Mineral Metabolism in the X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Mouse.- Cation Effects on Phosphate Homeostasis in Hypophosphatemic Subjects.- IV. Intestinal Absorption of Phosphate and Calcium.- Transmucosal 45Ca-Flux and Ca-ATPase Specific Activity in Basolateral Plasma Membranes of the Small Intestinal Mucosa in Response to Diruetics.- Intestinal Phosphate Transport.- Gut Absorption of Calcium: Interactions between Phosphate and Vitamin D.- Characterization of Phosphate Uptake in Isolated Chick Intestinal Cells.- Role of Phosphate in the Resistance to Intestinal Effects of Parathyroid Hormone in Rats with Chronic Renal Failure.- Metabolic Studies of the Cytosolic Calcium- Binding Protein of the Rat.- V. Nephrolithiasis and Phosphate.- Is there a Disorder of Phosphate Metabolism in Idiopathic Hypercalciuria?.- Hyperuricosuric Calcium Oxalate Nephrolithiasis.- A critical Evaluation of Treatment of Calcium Stones.- Increased Incidence of Nephrolithiasis (N) in Lifeguards (LG) in Israel.- Urolithiasis Research: Progress and Trends.- VI. Topics on Parathyroid Hormone.- The uptake of Immunoreactive Parathyroid Hormone by Peripheral Organs.- Effect of Acute Ethanol Loading on Parathyroid Gland Secretion in the Rat.- Effects of Cimetidine on Parathyroid Hormone in Chronic Uremia.- Parathyroid Hormone Dependent Hypercalciuria in Chronic Metabolic Acidosis.- The Parathyroid Hormone Receptor-Adenylate Cyclase System in Chicken Kidney.- Renal Receptors for Parathyroid Hormone in Normal, Parathyroidectomized, and Vitamin D-Deficient Rats.- VII. Topics on Bone and Vitamin D.- What is Osteomalacia?.- Mechanisms of Calcification.- Interactions of Hormones, Ions, and Drugs in the Regulation of Osteoclastic Bone Resorption.-Recent Advances in Management of Osteoporosis.- The Role of Vitamin D Metabolites in the Management of Bone Abnormalities in Renal Disease.- Antagonistic Effects of 25 (OH) Vitamin D3 and Peptide Hormones on the Activation of Adenylate Cyclase/Cyclic AMP System in Renal Tissue in Vitro.- Effect of Uremic Sera on Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Mediated Release of Calcium from Normal Rat Embryonal Bone Maintained in Tissue Culture.- Multivariate Analysis of the Vitamin D Endocrine System: Evidence for the Essentiality of both 24R,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1?25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3.