Participatory Governance in Multi-Level Context Concepts and Experience

Angela Liberatore Governance shifted from a concept used by a few specialists to one quite widely (while surely not universally) used in policy making circles and pub­ lic debate. This does not mean that the interpretation of the concept is in the meantime uncontested or obvious. Analytical and policy debate is at times quite heated on whether "governance" means "privatisation of government" or rather involvement of various actors at various levels in policy making without 'dismantling' the role of public authorities. Therefore, a better un­ derstanding is needed of what "governance" actually means, why and how governance arrangements and actors in Europe are changing, and what are the implications of such changes -for instance in terms of democracy and le­ gitimacy. Such understanding is especially needed in the specific context of the challenges to European policy making and institutions posed by the struc­ tural changes in the European society and economy, the ongoing enlargement of the European Union, and the new global context. The analytical and policy need to better understand governance is ac­ knowledged and taken care of in a number of national and international re­ search initiatives, and is part of a collective European endeavour. Research on "governance and citizenship" started being undertaken in European Community research programmes within the Key Action "Improving the socio-economic knowledge base" of the 5'h Framework Research Programme and will be further supported in the 6'h Framework Programme, under the priority on "Citizens and governance in the knowledge-based society".

Hubert Heinelt, Achieving Sustainable and Innovative Policies through Participatory Governance in a Multi-level Context: Theoretical Issues - The Theoretical Debate: Bob Jessop, Governance and Metagovernance: On Reflexivity, Requisite Variety, and Requisite Irony - Rainer Schmalz-Bruns, The Normative Desirability of Participatory Democracy - Roland Roth, Participatory Governance and Urban Citizenship - Thomas Saretzki, Technological Governance - Technological Citizenship? - The Empirical Arena: Erik Swyngedouw, Ben Page, Maria Kaika, Sustainability and Policy Innovation in an Multi-Level Context: Crosscutting Issue in the Water Sector - Britta Meinke, Achieving Sustainable and Innovative Policies Through Participatory Governance in a Multi-level Context: Lessons from the EMAS Scheme

Hubert Heinelt, Professor of Political Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Panagiotis Getimis, Professor at the department of Economics and Regional Development and Human Resources, Panteion University, Athens, Greece; Grigoris Kafkalas, Professor of Spatial Planning, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Randall Smith, Senior Research Fellow, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, UK; Erik Swyngedouw, University Reader in Economic Geography and Fellow, St. Peter's College, Oxford University, UK.