Intelligent Cities Enabling Tools and Technology

The emergence of highly promising and potent technologies has enabled the transition of ordinary objects into smart artifacts—providing wider connectivity of digitized entities that can facilitate the building of connected cities. This book provides readers with a solid foundation on the latest technologies and tools required to develop and enhance smart cities around the world.The book begins by examining the rise of the cloud as the fundamental technology for establishing and sustaining smart cities and enterprises. Explaining the principal technologies and platform solutions for implementing intelligent cities, the book details the role of various technologies, standards, protocols, and tools in establishing flexible homes and the buildings of the future. Examines IT platforms and tools from various product vendors Considers service-oriented architecture and event-driven architecture for smart city applications Explains how to leverage big data analytics for smart city enhancement and improved decision making Includes case studies of intelligent cities, smart homes, buildings, transports, healthcare systems, and airports The authors explore the convergence of cloud computing and enterprise architecture and present valuable information on next-generation cloud computing. They also cover the various architectural types, including enterprise-scale integration, security, management, and governance.The book concludes by explaining the various security requirements of intelligent cities as well as the threats and vulnerabilities of the various components that form the basis of the intelligent city framework, including cloud, big data, Internet of Things, and mobile technologies.

Envisioning Intelligent Cities IntroductionUnfolding the Smarter Planet Vision The Need for Intelligent CitiesCity-Specific Challenges Trickling Urbanization ChallengesThe Vast Potentials of Smart CitiesCity Transformation Strategy Infrastructure Optimization System Infrastructure The Adoption of Versatile Technologies The Assimilation of Architectures Services Are Everywhere Devices Are Connected and Cyber-Enabled for People-Centric Services Process Excellence Make Sense Out of Data for Big Insights The Key Trends in IT Toward Smart Cities The Shift Toward People IT The Era of Smart Computing Smarter Environments The Need for Cloud-Enablement A Few Smart City Use Cases Smart City Infrastructure and Platform Solutions Smart City Infrastructures Leading Smart City Platforms The Context-Aware Framework for Smart CityApplications Data Collection and Cleansing Data Storage Data Interpretation Cloud-Based Data Dissemination ConclusionReferences Mobile Technologies and Applications for Intelligent CitiesIntroduction Evolution of Mobile Wireless TechnologiesMobile Application Development PlatformsChallenges of Intelligent Cities and Solutions Offered by Mobile Wireless Networks and Devices Mobile Payments and Ticketing Intelligent Energy Conservation Using Mobile Devices Analysis and Commercial Insights Drivers for Mobile BI Adoption Key Trends in Mobile BI Steps to Get Started with Mobile BI Mobile Healthcare Wireless Fleet Management Enabling Mobile Technologies for an Intelligent City Mobile Augmented Reality Conclusion References The Role and Relevance of Software-Defined Cloud InfrastructuresIntroduction About Cloud Technology Key Motivations for Cloud-Enabled EnvironmentsWhy Cloud Technology Is Being Aggressively Pursued by Worldwide GovernmentsA Look at Cloud-Inspired Enterprise Transformations The Emergence of Cloud Environments Energy Optimization Cloud-Enabled and Hosted Smarter City Applications A Cloud-Enabled Context-Aware Framework for Smarter Environments A Sample Use Case Cloud-Based Smarter Home Applications Cloud-Enabled Smart Grids A Cloud-Based Monitoring Framework for Smart Homes Cloud-Inspired Smarter Healthcare Services Sensor-Cloud Integration for Smarter Cities Social and Sensor Data Fusion in Cloud Integrating Sensors with Cloud Using Dynamic Proxies The Next-Generation Hybrid Clouds The Compelling Use Cases for Next-Generation Hybrid Clouds Use Cases—Computation and Actionable Insights Storage Use Cases Data Dissemination Software-Defined Infrastructures and Software-Defined Environments Building Blocks of Software-Defined Data Centers Software-Defined Networking The Key Motivations for SDN Tending Toward Network Virtualization The Need of SDN for the Cloud Software-Defined Storage Cloud-Based Big Data Storage Key Characteristics of Software-Defined Storage Conclusion References Big Data Analytics for Real-Time City Insights Introduction Data Analytics and Intelligent Cities The Prominent Sources of Big Data Describing the Big Data World Big Data Characteristics A Perspective on Big Data Computing Why Big Data Computing? The Application DomainsDescribing Big Data Analytics The Big Trends of BDA BDA Use Cases Machine Data Analytics by Splunk®Open Data for Next-Generation Cities Edge Data for Cities of the Future Edge Data for Smarter Cities Edge Data for Smart Retailers Edge Data for Smart Automobiles Edge Data for Smart Manufacturing Edge Data for Facilities and Asset Management Integrated BDA Platforms Software-Defined Infrastructures for BDA Civitas: The Smart City Middleware Hitachi Smart City PlatformData Collection Data Analysis Application Coordination BDA Frameworks and Infrastructure Apache Hadoop Software Framework NoSQL DatabasesConclusionReferences The Internet of Things for Connected and Cognitive Cities Introduction Envisioning the IoT EraEmerging IoT Trends Deeper Digitization Toward Smart Objects The Growing Device Ecosystem Software-Defined Cloud Infrastructures Big Data Analytics The IoT Reference Architecture Smart City Communication Architecture Network Architectures for IoT Applications IP-Based Connectivity Models Prominent IoT TechnologiesThe IoT: The Key Results The Advantages of the IoT Concept for Smart Cities The Co-Creation of IoT-Enabled Services for Smarter Cities Examples of IoT-Inspired Services Co-Created and Tested The Role of Advanced Sensing in Smart Cities Sensors Everywhere and in Everything Sensing as a Service for Cities of the FuturePopular IoT/M2M Applications A Typical IoT Application Health of Buildings Smart Energy Smart Healthcare Smart Home Security Smart Cargo Handling Smart Traffic Management Smart Inventory and Replenishment Management Smart Cash Payment Smart TrackingSmart Displays Smart Asset Management Air Quality Noise MonitoringTraffic Congestion Smart Parking Cyber Physical System for Smart City Needs CPS for Emergency Response Smart City Platforms and Frameworks A Communication Platform for Smart Cities A Smart City M2M Platform A Framework of Sensor-Cloud Integration Homeland Security and the Sensor Cloud Conclusion ReferencesSocial Media Analytics for People Empowerment Introduction Building a Framework for the Use of Social Media Analytics for Business Social Media Content Metrics Different Dimensions of Social Media Revenue and Sales Lead Generation Customer Relationship and Customer Innovation Social Media ToolsSocial Media Analytics Architecture for Intelligent Cities Social Media Analytics for City Government Design of an Architecture for Sentiment Analysis in Intelligent Cities Use of IBM’s Social Sentiment Index to Identify the Factors Impacting People in Five Canadian Cities Spain Uses Sentiment Analysis to Track and Improve Standards of City Services Sentiment Analysis to Track the Mood of City Residents FoodMood.in Uses Sentiment Analysis to Track Food Mood of Citizens Smart Policing Using Sensors and Domain Awareness System Case Study of Sentiment Analysis Implementation in an Intelligent City ConclusionReferencesIntelligent Cities: Strategy-Making and GovernanceIntroduction IT Initiatives for Intelligent City Governance IT-Enabled City Strategies E-Government Key Challenges for E-GovernmentIT-Enabled Social Initiatives Urban Action ForumsUbiquitous or Intelligent City Ubiquitous Connectivity Omnipresent Devices Collaboration Platforms Cloud Computing Open Standards and Service-Oriented Architecture Geospatial Platforms Neogeography in U-Cities Internet of Things Advanced Analytics Open Access to Public Data Digitally Controlled Devices Social Media NetworkingStrategic Governance Framework for the Implementation of U-Cities City Objectives City Indicators City Components City Content Conclusion ReferencesSmart Homes and BuildingsIntroduction Elucidating Technological AdvancementsKey Drivers for Smarter Homes and Buildings Prominent Use Cases of Smarter Homes and Buildings Smarter Homes and Building Elements Envisioning Smarter Homes and Buildings: The Role of the Cloud Theme Smarter Environments Are Instrumented, Interconnected, and Intelligent Smarter Home/Building Capabilities Smarter Home/Building Services in Clouds Benefits of Cloud-Enabled Smarter Homes Envisioning Service Delivery Platforms Building Management System IP-Based Convergence of Building Systems Smarter Homes: Architectural Styles, Patterns, and Approaches Smarter Homes—Middleware Platforms Smarter Home Frameworks Home Integration Standards: Industry Strength and Proprietary ConclusionAppendix Smart Home Solutions References Smart Energy, Utility, and Transport Introduction Smart Energy Smart Grids Energy Harvesting The Need for Big Data Analytics for Smarter Grids Envisioned Energy Grid Services for Smart CitiesSmart Lighting Smart Lighting Approaches Wireless Lighting Control SystemsSmart Transport Electric Vehicles Smarter Vehicles Technological Implications for Vehicles Vehicle Connectivity Platforms, Tools, and Applications Use Cases of Technology-Inspired Vehicles An Assortment of Vehicl

Pethuru Raj PhD has been working as a cloud infrastructure architect in the IBM Global Cloud Center of Excellence, IBM India Bangalore. Previously he worked as TOGAF-certified enterprise architectureconsultant in Wipro Consulting Services Division, Bangalore. He also had a fruitful stint as a lead architect in the corporate research division of Robert Bosch, India. He has gained thirteen years of IT industry experience.Dr. Raj finished the CSIR-sponsored PhD degree in Anna University, Chennai, and continued the UGC-sponsored postdoctoral research in the department of Computer Science and Automation, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore until 1999. Thereafter, he was granted a couple of international research fellowships (JSPS and JST) to work as a research scientist for three years in two leading Japanese universities. His technical competencies lie in service oriented architecture, cloud computing, enterprise architecture, context-aware computing and machine-to-machine integration, Big Data Analytics, Smart Cities, and business integration methods.He has contributed book chapters for a number of high-quality technology books edited by internationally acclaimed professors and professionals. The CRC Press, USA, released his first book titled Cloud Enterprise Architecture in 2012. He has edited a book on the title Cloud Infrastructures for Big Data Analytics. He maintains an Information Technology (IT) portal at www.peterindia.netAnupama Raman is currently working as Content Lead for Smart Cities Brand of IBM and she is a part of Software group, Industry Solutions of IBM India. Prior to this, she was working with EMC Data Storage. She is a certified Storage Area Networking expert and is also a certified Data Center Architect. She is also certified in Cloud infrastructure and Services Management. Apart from these technical certifications, in the field of writing. She is a certified Information mapping professional and in the field of project management, she is a certified Scrum master. She holds an M.Tech degree in Computer Science and Engineering and is currently pursuing an MBA in IT Management. She has presented and published over twenty research papers in various national and international conferences and she has also written numerous book chapters with various national and international publishers.