Art historical writing has, in the later decades, focused strongly on the use and reception of images. The articles of this publication are devoted to two crucial concepts or functions of images in the Middle Ages and post-Reformation period: the image of cult and the image of devotion. Thereby, they undertake a new discussion of the problems raised by Erwin Panofsky in his article on the Imago Pietatis. At the same time it is the aim of the publication to present a large Nordic material to the international field of scholars.