Hypertension and Brain Damage

The second edition of this book explores different aspects of the relationship between hypertension and brain damage, providing readers with up-to-date information that will be of interest to clinicians and researchers alike. In recent years, numerous studies have been published that have added new evidence on different aspects of the disease. New recommendations and the latest hypertension guidelines on stroke and dementia will be described in this edition, which will include not only updated content but also new chapters on aspects that have recently emerged in relation to hypertension and brain damage. After an introductory chapter on the epidemiology and burden of neurological disease induced by hypertension, the significance of various comorbidities that represent risk factors for brain damage in the context of hypertension is discussed. The effects of hypertension on small and large cerebral arteries and the consequences on brain damage are then examined in detail. Similarly, the association between hypertension and ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack and haemorrhagic stroke is explored in depth, and the evidence and guidelines for reducing hypertension during the acute phase of each form of stroke are summarised. Both primary and secondary prevention of stroke are addressed, with the results of major studies presented. The reader will also find interesting new perspectives on the role of different imaging techniques, including CT and functional MRI, in detecting and diagnosing brain damage in patients with hypertension. The concluding chapters examine the relationship between hypertension and cognitive decline and dementia associated with hypertension, its pathophysiology, the detection of cognitive impairment in daily practice, and its prevention and treatment.

Preface.- 1. Burden of Neurological Disease Induced by Hypertension.- 2. Comorbidities often associated to brain damage in hypertension: Dyslipidemia.- 3. Cardiometabolic disease and brain damage.- 4. Lifestyle and brain damage in hypertension.- 5.    Comorbidities often associated to brain damage in hypertension: CAD, CKD and SAOS.- 6. Cerebral small vessels disease in hypertension.- 7. Pathophysiology of subclinical brain damage in hypertensioni: Large artery disease.- 8. Hypertension and Haemorrhagic stroke.- 9. Hypertension, Ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack.- 10. Imaging techniques for the detection and diagnosis of brain damage in hypertension.- 11. Therapeutic strategies to prevent first stroke.- 12. Management of high blood pressure in acute ischemic stroke.- 13. Management of High Blood Pressure in Intracerebral Haemorrhage.- 14. Management of blood pressure for endovascular stroke treatment.- 15.    Therapeutic strategies to prevent recurrent stroke.- 16. New drugs and interventions for stroke patients.- 17. Cerebrovascular disease in preeclampsia.- 18. Pathophysiology of cognitive decline and dementia in hypertension.- 19.    Detection of cognitive impairment and dementia in clinical practice.- 20. How to prevent cognitive decline and dementia in hypertension.

Antonio Coca is Emeritus Professor of Medicine at the University Abat Oliba of Barcelona, Spain, Honorary Professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Barcelona, and Former Head of the Hypertension & Vascular Risk Unit at the Hospital Clinic in Barcelona, Spain. He is Past-Chair of Working Group on "Hypertension and the Brain" of the European Society of Hypertension, Executive Officer for Latin America Relationships of the European Society of Hypertension, and Past-Chair of the "Council on Hypertension" of the European Society of Cardiology.