Human Eye Imaging and Modeling

Advanced image processing and mathematical modeling techniques are increasingly being used for the early diagnosis of eye diseases. A comprehensive review of the field, Human Eye Imaging and Modeling details the latest advances and analytical techniques in ocular imaging and modeling. The first part of the book looks at imaging of the fundus as well as infrared imaging. It begins by exploring developments in the analysis of fundus images, particularly for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. It also reviews anterior segment imaging and reports on developments in ocular thermography, especially the use of thermal imaging as the basis of tear evaporimetry and dry eye diagnosis. The second part of the book delves into mathematical modeling of the human eye. Coverage includes modeling of the eye during retinal laser surgery, a framework for optical simulation, heat distribution using a 3D web-splines solution, and exposure to laser radiation. The text also examines computer simulation of the human eye based on principles of heat transfer, as well as various bioheat equations to predict interior temperatures based on the surface temperature. Featuring contributions by established experts in eye imaging, this is a valuable reference for medical personnel and researchers who want to know more about state-of-the-art computer-based imaging and detection methods. It presents novel imaging and modeling algorithms that can aid in early diagnosis, with the aim of enriching the lives of people suffering from eye abnormalities.

SECTION IAutomated Identification of Diabetes Retinopathy Using Artificial Intelligence TechniquesM. Muthu Rama Krishnan, Wong Li Yun, U. Rajendra Acharya, G. Swapna, and Jasjit S. SuriVAMPIRE: Vessel Assessment and Measurement Platform for Images of the RetinaThomas J. MacGillivray, Adria Perez-Rovira, Emanuele Trucco, Khai Sing Chin, Andrea Giachetti, Carmen A. Lupascu, Domenico Tegolo, Peter J. Wilson, Alexander Doney, Augustinus Laude, and Baljean DhillonFormal Design and Development of a Glaucoma Classification SystemOliver Faust, U. Rajendra Acharya, Jen Hong Tan, and Toshiyo TamuraComputer-Aided Assessment of Optic NerveCheng-Kai Lu, Tong Boon Tang, Augustinus Laude, Baljean Dhillon, and Alan F. MurrayA Survey Of Instruments for Eye Diagnostics with Special Emphasis on Glaucoma DetectionTeik-Cheng Lim, U. Rajendra Acharya , and Subhagata Chattopadhyay Imaging Modalities and Medical Applications in the Ocular SurfaceA. Petznick, W. Lan, S.Y. Lee, and L. TongCurrent Research on Ocular Surface TemperatureJen Hong Tan, E.Y.K. Ng, and U. Rajendra AcharyaComputer Methods in the Estimation of Tear Evaporation by ThermographyJen Hong Tan, E.Y.K. Ng, and U. Rajendra AcharyaTear Film Thermal Image Characteristics Analysis in Temporal and Spatial AspectsHuihua Kenny Chiang, Tai Yuan Su, Shu Wen Chang, Joe Chang, and David O. ChangSECTION IIBiomechanical Modeling of the Human Eye with a Focus on the CorneaDavid Varssano, Roy Asher, and Amit Gefen Modeling Retinal Laser Surgery in Human EyeArunn Narasimhan and Lingam GopalA Geometric Model of the 3D Human Eye and Its Optical SimulationLeandro Paganotti Brazil and Odemir Martinez BrunoHuman Eye Heat Distribution Using 3D Web-Splines SolutionFulya Callialp Kunter and S. Selim SekerModeling of Human Eye Exposed to Laser RadiationMario Cvetkovic, Dragan Poljak, and Andres PerattaComputational Bioheat Modeling in Human Eye with Local Blood Perfusion EffectHui Wang and Qing-Hua QinModeling and Simulation of Bioheat Transfer in the Human Eye with Edge-Based Smoothed Finite Element Method (ES-FEM)Eric Li, G.R. Liu, Vincent Tan, and Z.C. He A Numerical Approach to Bioheat and Mass Transfer in the Human EyeAndreas Karampatzakis and Theodoros SamarasIndex

EYK Ng, PhD, earned his PhD at Cambridge University. His research is in thermal imaging, biomedical engineering, and computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer. He is a faculty member at the Nanyang Technological University. He has published 260 papers in SCI journals (173), conference proceedings (35), and textbook chapters (72), and has co-authored 9 books. Ng is editor-in-chief for the Journal of Mechanics in Medicine & Biology and Journal of Medical Imaging & Health Informatics, and is strategy associate editor-in-chief for the World Journal of Clinical Oncology. Jen Hong Tan, PhD, earned his PhD from Nanyang Technological University, where he specialized in 2D biosignal processing. He is an application research engineer working on projects such as computer-aided diagnosis in posterior-anterior chest radiograph (with SATA Commhealth Singapore), and non-contact tear evaporimetry using infrared thermography (with Singapore Eye Research Institute). U Rajendra Acharya, PhD, DEng, is a visiting faculty member at Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore, adjunct faculty at Singapore Institute of Technology- University of Glasgow/Singapore Joint Campus, and associate faculty in SIM University, Singapore. He earned his PhD from the National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India, and his DEng from Chiba University, Japan. He has published more than 240 papers, in refereed international SCI-IF journals (145), international conference proceedings (42), textbook chapters (62), and books (11 including in press) with h-index of 16 (Scopus). He has worked on various funded projects with grants worth more than 1.5 million SGD. Jasjit S. Suri, MS, PhD, MBA, Fellow AIMBE, is an innovator, scientist, and internationally known world leader who has spent over 20 years in the field of biomedical engineering/sciences and its management. He earned his doctorate from the University of Washington, Seattle, and his MBA from Weatherhead, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland. Suri was awarded the President’s Gold Medal in 1980 by the Directorate General National Cadet Corps and has been named a Fellow of American Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering for his outstanding contributions.