TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface and Acknowledgements Table of Contents Map Introduction to Global Gender Research Christine E. Bose and Minjeong Kim The major commonalities and differences in gender research across the globe are described, while also examining the social structures that help shape research questions AFRICA Introduction to African Gender Research Mary Johnson Osirim, Christine E. Bose and Minjeong Kim An overview on how political, social, and economic trends shape gender research across the African continent Women’s and Gender Studies in English-Speaking Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Research in the Social Sciences Akosua Adomako Ampofo, Josephine Beoku-Betts, Wairimu Ngaruiya Njambi, and Mary Johnson Osirim Health, education, gender-based violence, sexuality, globalization and work, and politics, the state, and NGOs are important themes in English speaking Africa’s gender research. Trading Goes Global: Ghanaian Market Women in an Era of Globalization Akosua K. Darkwah As formal sector occupations disappear under structural adjustment plans, educated women become transnational traders in the informal economy. Feminine Injustice Conceição Osório and Eulália Temba Women who experience family violence do not find justice in the courts of Mozambique, but a return to older consensual tribal methods does not work either. Women, the Sacred and the State Fatou Sow The practice of Islam shapes family law even in a secular state like Senegal. ASIA & THE MIDDLE EAST Introduction to Gender Research in Asia and the Middle East Minjeong Kim and Christine E. Bose An overview on how political, social, and economic trends shape gender research across Asia and the Middle East Promising and Contested Fields: Advancing Women’s Studies and Sociology of Women/Gender in Contemporary China Esther Ngan-ling Chow, Naihua Zhang and Jinling Wang The underlying themes of local-global interaction and "discipline building" link the growth of both women’s studies and the sociology of women/gender. The Study of Gender in India: A Partial Review Bandana Purkayastha, Mangala Subramaniam, Manisha Desai, and Sunita Bose Focusing on theory, methods, social movements and domestic violence, the authors review dynamics of doing research in a diverse country. Women’s Studies in Iran: The Roles of Activists and Scholars Shahla Ezazi Women’s Studies was recently established by a decree of the Ministry of Higher Education, but activists and NGOs are more likely to be in touch with new global gender research. Hegemonic Masculinity and Conscription: Focusing on the Masculinity of KATUSA (Korean Augmentation To the U.S. Army) Insook Kwon Elite Korean soldiers’ ideas on masculinity are shaped through their interactions with U.S. counterparts and by masculinity models found among regular Korean military conscripts. Gender, Development and HIV/AIDS in Vietnam: Towards an Alternative Response Model among Women Sex Workers Van Huy Nguyen, Udoy Sankar Saikia and Thi Minh An Dao Addressing gender and development issues adequately is key to combating the spread of HIV/AIDS in Vietnam, especially among sex workers. Fufubessei Movement in Japan: Thinking About Women’s Resistance and Subjectivity Ki-young Shin Women who want to keep their own family names at marriage are having an impact on revising family law, even though they do not organize like a traditional social movement. LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN Between the Dynamics of the Global and the Local: Feminist and Gender Research in Latin America and the Caribbean Edna Acosta-Belén An overview on how political, social, and economic trends shape gender research across Latin America and the Caribbean Relations in Dispute: Conflict and Cooperation Between Academia and the Feminist Movements in Central America Montserrat Sagot and Ana C. Escalante Academic-activist linkages are key to understanding the themes in Central American gender research on topics including human rights, violence against women, citizenship, political participation, economic inequality, gendered identities, masculinities, and migration. Puerto Rico: Feminism and Feminist Studies Alice E. Colón Warren Common gender research themes include women’s employment, poverty, family violence, and sexual and reproductive rights, with growing interest in the intersectionalities of gender, race, nation, class and sexuality. Gender Studies in Cuba: Methodological Approaches, 1974-2007 Marta Núñez Sarmiento Gender studies began only in the late 1980s, but researchers learned from the mistakes of others; various methodological approaches are described for a sample of researchers. Feminist Research and Theory: Contributions from the Anglophone Caribbean Rhoda Reddock Early emphasis on finding the local roots of feminism and describing women’s realities shifted to a more recent focus on cultural studies. Women’s Rights in Trade Union Organizations in Argentina Graciela Di Marco Unionized workers in traditional and progressive unions are trying to move from a "specific structures" to a "main structure" model with the help of a union female quota law. In the Fabric of Brazilian Sexuality Maria Luiza Heilborn Survey research on youth reveals gender differences and myths about liberal sexual attitudes. Citizenship and Nation: Debates on Reproductive Rights in Puerto Rico Elizabeth Crespo-Kebler Feminists and nationalists created different discourses about citizenship, as illustrated in organizing around abortion and sterilization abuse. EUROPE Introduction to European Gender Research Christine E. Bose and Minjeong Kim An overview on how political, social, and economic trends shape gender research across Europe Traveling Theories-Situated Questions: Feminist Theory in the German Context Gudrun-Axeli Knapp Feminist scholars in German-speaking Europe have developed a strong focus on feminist socio-historical theory, with a trajectory influenced by National Socialism, the unification of East and West Germany, and by broader European Union events; currently they are shifting from gender-class axes to a focus on the intersectionality of gender, class, race, sexuality and nation. An Overview of Research on Gender in Spanish Society Celia Valiente In the post-Franco era, gender studies has been shaped by feminist activism and state funding for research; and important themes include families, education, work, politics, sexuality, and men. At the Crossroads of ‘East’ and ‘West’: Gender Studies in Hungary Eva Fodor and Eszter Varsa Gender studies has many similarities with other former state socialist countries, but there are also differences in disciplines, institutionalization, the power of feminist NGOs, and other features. ‘The Rest is Silence…’: Polish Nationalism and the Question of Lesbian Existence Joanna Mizielinska Polish nationalistic discourse avoids the question of homosexuality and makes it invisible, largely due to the Church’s role in the decline of communism, as shown in analyses of the Catechism and the new Polish Constitution. Collective Organizing and Claim Making on Child Care in Norden: Blurring the Boundaries between the Inside and the Outside Solveig Bergman Nordic countries use a combination of insider and outsider strategies to achieve child care support, but they vary in their usage of home care vs. institutional support, and in how they support paternity leave. Integrating or Setting the Agenda? Gender Mainstreaming in the European Constitution-Making Process Emanuela Lombardo Competing frames, norm-setting, and male-dominated institutions are reasons for resistance to adopting gender norms in the EU constitution-making process, thus shifting to an agenda setting approach. A1. Websites of International Women’s Research Centers A2. Contributors A3. Reprint Permission List A4. Index
