General InformationLaboratory AnimalNormative Data Including Coat ColoursNormative DataClassificationsApplied Clinical Anatomy and PhysiologyIntroduction The Adrenal Glands The Brain Dental Anatomy and Physiology Gastrointestinal Anatomy and PhysiologyLiver and Gallbladder Exocrine Pancreas and Biliary System Heart and Cardiovascular Integument Musculoskeletal SkullReproductive Tract Respiratory TractSpecial SensesThe Spleen Thymus Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands Urinary TractFerret Behaviour, Housing and Husbandry Introduction BehaviourTraining and Dealing with Behavioural Problems Introducing New Ferrets Social Interactions with Humans and Other Species Housing and HusbandryNutritionIntroduction WaterCommercial Diets Food Considerations Specific Nutritional Requirements Minerals and VitaminsSelecting a Complete Diet for a Pet FerretPhysiological States that Require Special Nutrition Reproduction Biology Introduction Photoperiods and Effect on Reproduction Breeding Whelping Lactation WeaningMedical History IntroductionTransport Handling and Restraint ExaminationChecklist Ferret Preventive Care Introduction Reproductive ControlVaccinationRole of Health Checks and Routine Tests Pet Passports (Europe) Parasite ControlBiosecurity Ferret Home Health Kit Clinical TechniquesIntroduction Injection TechniquesOral Dosing Techniques VenipunctureIntravenous Catheterisation Intraosseous Catheterisation Blood Transfusion Saliva Collection ImagingBone Marrow Biopsy AbdominocentesisUrine Collection Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Collection Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) Ear Cleaning Teeth Cleaning Nail TrimEmergency CareIntroduction Triage Euthanasia Basic Needs Sedation Fluid Therapy Treatment of Shock Emergency Drug Doses Specific SyndromesCritical Nutrition Disorders of the Cardiovascular System IntroductionClinical Presentation Diagnostic Testing for Disease General Management of Cardiac Disease Congenital Heart Disease Acquired Heart Disease Dilated Cardiomyopathy Dirofilariasis (Heartworm Disease) Endocarditis Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Myocarditis Neoplasia Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Valvular Disease (Acquired) or Endocardiosis Pericardial Effusion and Pericarditis Cardiac Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances HypertensionDisorders of the Digestive System and LiverIntroduction Anatomy of the Digestive System Physiology of the Digestive System Vomiting and DiarrhoeaOther Clinical Signs Bacterial Gastroenteritis Coccidiosis Cryptosporidiosis Epizootic Catarrhal Enteritis (ECE) Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (GDV) Gastric Hair Balls/Trichobezoars Gastroenteritis by Helicobacter Mustelae Gastrointestinal Foreign Bodies Giardiasis Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)Megaoesophagus Proliferative Bowel Disease Rectal Prolapse Rotavirus Systemic Diseases Producing Gastrointestinal SignsLiver and Gallbladder Neoplasia Disorders of the Endocrine System Introduction Diseases of the Adrenal GlandOther Anomalies Related to the Adrenal Gland Diseases of the PancreasDiabetes Mellitus Diseases of the Thyroid GlandDiseases of the Parathyroid Gland Reproductive Endocrine DiseasesDisorders of the Ears and Eyes Ears Aural HaematomaDeafness Ear Mites Otitis Externa, Media, Interna Neoplasia Trauma to Pinnae Eyes Cataracts Congenital Ocular Defects Corneal Dermoids Microphthalmia Conjunctivitis Distichiasis Entropion Exophthalmos Glaucoma Keratitis Lymphoma of Glans Nictitans, Adnexa, Conjunctival Tissue Ophthalmia Neonatorum Pyogranulomatous Panophthalmitis Due to Coronavirus Retinal DiseaseTrauma UveitisDisorders of the Haemic, Immunological and LymphaticSystems Introduction Aleutian Disease Anaemia Ferret Haemorrhagic Syndrome Ferret Systemic Coronavirus Lymphoma/Lymphosarcoma Disorders of the SpleenDisorders of the Musculoskeletal System Introduction Ataxia, Posterior Paresis Chondrosarcoma Congenital Malformations Cruciate Ligament Rupture Disseminated Idiopathic Myofasciitis FracturesIntervertebral Disc Disease L-Carnitine Deficiency Weakness Lymphoma, Myeloma, and Leukaemia of the Bone Myasthenia Gravis Neoplasia (Spinal Tumours, Bone Tumours) Other than LymphomaDisorders of the Nervous SystemIntroduction Neurological ExamNeurological Diseases Infectious Disease: BacterialInfectious Disease: Fungal Infectious Disease: Parasitic Infectious Disease: ViralIntervertebral Disc Disease NeoplasiaToxicosis TraumaDisorders of the Oral Cavity and Teeth Introduction Dental ProphylaxisThe Dental ExaminationDental SurgeryDental Diseases Oral DisordersDisorders of the Respiratory SystemAnatomy and Physiology ReviewEvaluation of the Respiratory System Canine Distemper Influenza Bacterial Pneumonia Mycoplasmosis Cryptococcosis Other Fungal Pneumonias Respiratory Disease Secondary to Cardiac Disease Heartworm Other Respiratory ConditionsDisorders of the SkinIntroduction Abscess/WoundsAlopecia Atopy Blue Ferret Syndrome Burns Dermatophytosis EctoparasitesErythema Multiforme (EM) Hypersensitivity (See Atopy Above) NeoplasiaPyoderma (Bacterial Dermatitis) Viral: Canine DistemperDisorders of the Urogenital System Reproductive Tract General Notes Agalactia Congenital Abnormalities Dystocia Mammary Gland Hyperplasia Mastitis Metritis NeoplasiaOestrus Unbred Aplastic Anaemia Penile Lesions Postparturient Hypocalcaemia Pregnancy Toxaemia Preputial LesionsProstatic Lesions: See Urinary Section Pseudopregnancy Pyometra and Mucometra Vaginitis Urinary TractMiscellaneous Conditions Introduction Cryptococcosis GyrovirusHepatitis E Histoplasmosis Mycobacteriosis Pseudomonas LuteolaAnalgesia and Anaesthesia Introduction Analgesia Sedation and AnaesthesiaPostoperative Considerations Postanaesthetic Complications Postoperative AnalgesiaCommon Surgical Procedures Introduction Surgical Principles in the FerretCastration Cryptorchid Vasectomy Exploratory Coeliotomy Nephrectomy Splenectomy Ovariohysterectomy Left AdrenalectomyRight Adrenalectomy Insulinoma Cystotomy Prostatic (Paraurethral) Cyst Reduction Gastrotomy/Enterotomy Lymph Node Biopsy Surgical BiopsyLumpectomyOrthopaedic Surgery Amputation Anal Sacculectomy Rectal ProlapsePaediatrics Normal Kits: Growth and Biology RearingPaediatric Disorders Other Complications Geriatrics What to Do and When to Stop Medical Conditions of Geriatric Ferrets Dietary Considerations Husbandry Considerations Doing What’s Best for the Ferret ConclusionsToxicology Introduction Acetominophen (Paracetomol) Anticoagulant Rodenticides Bromethalin Chocolate Cleaning Products (Including Bleaches, Soaps, Shampoos) Ibuprofen Insecticides Paints Topical Flea Products Toxic Plants Venlafaxine (Effexor, Ny, Ny) XylitolFormularyAppendices