Essential Paediatric Orthopaedic Decision Making A Case-Based Approach

This collection of practical Case reports provides a concise guide to managing a wide spectrum of orthopaedic conditions in children. Strategies for determining an optimum management approach to follow in any given situation are provided, and are supported with clinical illustrations and guidelines. Sixty challenging clinical scenarios are presented, from malunion of a tibial fracture to pseudarthrosis of the tibia, after failed primary surgery. Each case is approached in a systematic manner with a background history, key features of physical examination and a series of questions.The questions lead to the goals of surgery, followed by a list of options for the management of each case. The option chosen by the surgeon is then presented, usually with intraoperative, clinical and radiographic illustrations. The majority of cases have substantial follow-up to illustrate the wisdom of the surgical decision-making, the surgical skill employed and the diligent post-operative care and follow-up. Trainees in pediatric orthopaedics and those sitting their final specialty examination will find this Case-based approach helps to anchor both their understanding and retention of key concepts.

Details of Authors Foreword by Dr. Catterall Foreword by Professor Graham Foreword by Professor Wilkins Preface DEFORMITIES 1. Equinus Deformity Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam 2. Equinovarus Nick Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam 3. Calcaneus Deformity Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam 4. Cavovarus Deformity David A Spiegel 5. Congenital Vertical Talus Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam 6. Planovalgus Deformity Leo Donnan 7. Valgus Deformity of the Hindfoot Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph 8. Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia Benjamin Joseph and Hitesh Shah 9. Congenital Posteromedial Bowing of the Tibia Nick Green and James A Fernandes 10. Tibial Torsion Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam 11. Flexion Deformity of the Knee Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph 12. Genu Recurvatum Hitesh Shah 13. Genu Varum Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam 14. Genu Valgum Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam 15. Coxa Vara Leo Donnan 16. Femoral Anteversion Leo Donnan 17. Valgus Deformity of the Wrist Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph 18. Scoliosis David A Spiegel 19. Kyphotic Deformity of the Spine David A Spiegel 20. Torticollis Hitesh Shah DISLOCATIONS 21. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Randall T Loder 22. Paralytic Hip Dislocation: Cerebral Palsy David A Spiegel 23. Paralytic Dislocation of the Hip: Poliomyelitis Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph 24. Teratologic Dislocation of the Hip: Multiple Congenital Contractures Hitesh Shah 25. Post-Infective Hip Dysplasia Hitesh Shah 26. Congenital Dislocation of the Knee Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph 27. Congenital Dislocation of the Patella Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph 28. Radial Head Dislocation Nick Green and James A Fernandes DIAPHYSEAL BONE LOSS 29. Diaphyseal Bone Loss of the Radius Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph DEFICIENCIES 30. Fibular Hemimelia Caroline M Blakey and James A Fernandes 31. Tibial Hemimelia Nick Green and James A Fernandes 32. Congenital Short Femur and Proximal Focal Femoral Deficiency Nick Green and James A Fernandes 33. Distal Focal Femoral Deficiency Caroline M Blakey and James A Fernandes 34. Radial Club Hand Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam 35. Ulnar Club Hand Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam DISCREPANCIES OF LIMB LENGTH 36. Discrepancy in Length of the Femur Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam 37. Length Discrepancy of the Tibia Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam 38. Discrepancy of the Length of the Fibula Caroline M Blakey and James A Fernandes 39. Length Discrepancy of the Metatarsals Caroline M Blakey and James A Fernandes 40. Discrepancies of Length in the Forearm Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam DECREASED JOINT MOBILITY 41. Congenital Radio-Ulnar Synostosis Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam 42. Tarsal Coalition Leo Donnan 43. Contracture of Muscles of the Lower Limb: Quadriceps Contracture Secondary to Osteomyelitis of the Femur Benjamin Joseph and Hitesh Shah 44. Contracture of Muscles of the Upper Limb: Severe Volkmann’s Ischaemic Contracture of the Forearm Binu P Thomas LOWER MOTOR NEURON PARALYSES 45. The Paralysed Knee Benjamin Joseph and Hitesh Shah 46. The Paralysed Foot Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph 47. The Paralysed Shoulder in the Child Hitesh Shah 48. The Paralysed Elbow: Management of Extensor Paralysis Binu P Thomas 49. The Paralysed Upper Limb: Traumatic Total Brachial Plexus Injury with Partial Recovery Binu P Thomas 50. The Paralysed Hand: Ulnar and Median Nerve Palsy Binu P Thomas UPPER MOTOR NEURON PARALYSIS 51. The Spastic Foot and Ankle: Spastic Equinovarus Foot David A Spiegel 52. The Spastic Knee: Knee Flexion in Spastic Cerebral Palsy David A Spiegel 53. The Spastic Hip: Hip Flexion in Spastic Cerebral Palsy David A Spiegel 54. The Spastic Forearm and Hand Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph EPIPHYSEAL AND PHYSEAL PROBLEMS 55. Infantile Tibia Vara (Blount’s Disease) Randall T Loder 56. Perthes Disease Benjamin Joseph and Hitesh Shah 57. Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) Randall T Loder 58. Physeal Bar Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam INFECTIONS 59. Acute Osteomyelitis Hitesh Shah 60. Acute Septic Arthritis Hitesh Shah Index

Benjamin Joseph, MS (Orth), MCh Orth, FRCS Ed, adjunct professor of paediatric orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; and consultant paediatric orthopaedic surgeon Aster Medcity, Kochi, India Selvadurai Nayagam, BSc, MCh(Orth), FRCS Ed (Trauma and Orth), consultant orthopaedic surgeon, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital; and honorary reader, University of Liverpool, UK Randall T. Loder, MD, garceau professor of orthopaedic surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and chief of orthopaedics, James Whitcomb Riley Children’s Hospital, Indianapolis, USA