Empire, Gender, and Bio-geography Charlotte Wheeler-Cuffe and Colonial Burma

This book explores the relationships between empire, natural history, and gender in the production of geographical knowledge and its translation between colonial Burma and Britain. Focusing on the work of the plant collector, botanical illustrator, and naturalist, Charlotte Wheeler-Cuffe, this book illustrates how natural history was practised and produced by a woman working in the tropics from 1897 to 1921. Drawing on the extensive and under-studied archive of private and official correspondence, diaries, sketchbooks, photographs, paintings, and plant lists of Wheeler-Cuffe, this book advances our conceptual understanding of the 'invisible’ historical geographies underpinning scientific knowledge production, by focusing on the role of a female actor in the complex gendered setting of colonial Burma. Using a bio-geographical approach, this analysis reconceptualises female agency beyond authorship and publication, and stresses how Wheeler-Cuffe represents an instantiation of the occluded contribution of women to the historiography of natural history. This book highlights Wheeler-Cuffe’s production of scientific knowledge about Burma in the context of her relationship, as a white Western woman, with local, indigenous actors and details her practice of fieldwork and its embodied geographies in different parts of Burma, while she maintained the domestic superstructure of a colonial wife. This book will be of interest to advance-level students and researchers in historical and cultural geography; the history of science; feminist geography; women and natural history; colonial Burma and imperialism; and botanical art and illustration.

1 Setting the Scene PART I Colonial encounters: the early years in the tropics 2. Family matters: Charlotte Wheeler-Cuffe, 1867-1897 3 Encountering the tropics, 1898-1899 PART II Mobility, knowledge networks, and exploration 4 Mobility and cultures of expedition, 1900-1903 5 Networks of knowledge and exploring Upper Burma, 1904-1910 6 Deepening connections: Rangoon, Mount Victoria, and the Andaman Islands, 1911-1912 PART III In the frontier regions 7 Hill Stations, plant hunting, and the Irrawaddy-Salween Divide, 1913-14 8 Maymyo botanic garden and the final Burmese days, 1915-1921 9. Conclusion Bibliography

Nuala C Johnson is Professor Emeritus of Geography in the School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University Belfast. She is a cultural-historical geographer who specialises in the geographies of nationalism, war and public memory, and the historical geography of botanical gardens. Her previous publications include Ireland, the Great War and Public Memory (2003); Nature Displaced, Nature Displayed: Order and Beauty in Botanical Gardens (2011); andThe Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Cultural Geography, edited with R. H. Schein and J. Winders (2013).