1. Introduction on Brain, Decision-Making, and Mental Health.- 2. Relational Thinking and The Cultural Conditionality of Human Understanding.- 3. Science and The Spectrum of Critical Thinking.- 4. Rhetoric and the Stases: A Universal Critical Thinking Problem-Solving Framework for the Sciences and Arts.- 5. Conceptual Development and Change: The Role of Echoing and Contrast as Cognitive Operations.- 6. Critical Thinking Across the Sciences.- 7. Models of Medical Reasoning.- 8. The “Irrational” within Rational Thinking: Proofs from Medical Sciences and the Arts.- 9. Shaping Clinical Reasoning.- 10. Critical Thinking in Nursing.- 11. Fostering Critical Thinking Among Pre-Service Teachers Through A Multiple Representation-Based Collaborative Pedagogical Approach.- 12. COVID-19: A Context to Promote Critical Thinking and Argumentation in Secondary and University Students.- 13. Thinking, Feeling, And Moving: Competition for Brain Resources in Health and Disease.- 14. Hypothesized Mechanisms of Cognitive Impairment During High-Intensity Acute Exercise.- 15. The Role of Cortisol in Cognitive Emotion Regulation Failure.- 16. Incorporating Mindfulness Practice for Better Performance in Work and Daily Life.- 17. Increasing Well-Being and Mental Health through Cutting-Edge Technology and Artificial Intelligence.- 18. Thought Content and Thinking Processes in Psychotherapy: Cognitive Versus Metacognitive Approaches.- 19. Can the Phylogeny of Compassion Focused Therapy and The Ontogeny of Transactional Analysis Go Beyond Dual-Process Theories and Propose Multiple Modes of Thinking?.- 20. Decision-Making in Integrated Contexts: Epistemological, Methodological and Cognitive Choices–Towards New Requirements in Psychological Research?.- 21. Modelling Social Action: From Biological to Social (Re)Constructions Enabling, Constraining, and Motivating Social Decision-Making.- 22. Decision-Making Styles and Decision Outcomes.- 23. Thinking about Decisions: How Human Variability Influences Decision-Making.- 24. Searching for Criteria for A Thinking Machine.- 25. The Irreducible Immateriality of Meaning and Its Crucial Role For Artificial, Human, and (Maybe) Non-Human Intelligence.- 26. Computational Model of The Mind: How to Think About Complex Systems in Nature.- 27. The Brain as A Vision and Program: From “Embodiment” to “Embedment”.- 28. Image, Imagination, Magic, Imaginary: Contemporary Experience and Cognition.- 29. Neurodesign: The Biology, Psychology, and Engineering of Creative Thinking and Innovation.- 30. Intellectual Mechanisms of Solving of Problematic Situations with a High Degree of Uncertainty.- 31. Art in The Twilight of Consciousness.- 32. Brain, Decision-Making, and Mental Health 2050.
