Biometric Inverse Problems

This book introduces a pioneering approach to inverse biometric problems, demonstrating that biometrics can be perceived from the synthetic point of view, where information is modeled and generated rather than acquired and processed. It presents a brief overview of the main techniques and explores various methods of quantifying, adjusting, and correcting biometric data using both commercially available tools and new algorithmic approaches. With detailed explanations, illustrations, case studies, and implementation codes for particular inverse problems, Biometric Inverse Problems delivers professional engineering experience and will undoubtedly stimulate further advances and innovations.

Traditional methods of biometric analysis are unable to overcome the limitations of existing approaches, mainly due to the lack of standards for input data, privacy concerns involving use and storage of actual biometric data, and unacceptable accuracy. Exploring solutions to inverse problems in biometrics transcends such limits and allows rich analysis of biometric information and systems for improved performance and testing. Although some particular inverse problems appear in the literature, until now there has been no comprehensive reference for these problems.Biometric Inverse Problems provides the first comprehensive treatment of biometric data synthesis and modeling. This groundbreaking reference comprises eight self-contained chapters that cover the principles of biometric inverse problems; basics of data structure design; new automatic synthetic signature, fingerprint, and iris design; synthetic faces and DNA; and new tools for biometrics based on Voronoi diagrams. Based on the authors' vast experience in the field, the book authoritatively examines new approaches and methodologies in both direct and inverse biometrics, providing invaluable analytical and benchmarking tools. The authors include case studies, examples, and implementation codes for practical illustration of the methods.Loaded with approximately 200 figures, 60 problems, 50 MATLAB® code fragments, and 200 examples, Biometric Inverse Problems sets the standard for innovation and authority in biometric data synthesis, modeling, and analysis.

PrefaceAcknowledgementsINTRODUCTION TO THE INVERSE PROBLEMS OF BIOMETRICSAttacks on Biometric SystemsClassical Direct and Inverse ProblemsDirect and Inverse Problems of BiometricsBasic Notion of Biometric DataExamples of Synthetic Biometric DataConversating of Biometric InformationDesign of Biometric Devices and SystemsApplications of Inverse BiometricsEthical and Social Aspects of Inverse BiometricsSummaryProblemsFurther ReadingReferencesBASICS OF SYNTHETIC BIOMETRIC DATA STRUCTURE DESIGNBasic Concepts of Synthetic Biometric Data Structure DesignSynthesis StrategiesInformation Carried by Biometric DataGeneration of Random Biometric AttributesDegradation Model in Synthesis of Biometric DataImage WarpingDeformation by Interpolation and ApproximationExtracting and Generating FeaturesSummaryProblemsFurther ReadingReferencesSYNTHETIC SIGNATURESIntroductionBasics of Signature SynthesisSignature Synthesis TechniquesStatistically Meaningful SynthesisImplementationSummaryProblemsFurther ReadingReferencesSYNTHETIC FINGERPRINTSIntroductionModeling a FingerprintExtraction of FeaturesLibrary of Topological PrimitivesLocal Generators: Fingerprint PrimitivesGlobal Generators: Orientation MapPolar Transformation of Orientation MapGenerating Synthetic Fingerprint Images from an Orientation MapOther Global Topological ModelsSummaryProblemsFurther ReadingReferencesSYNTHETIC FACESIntroduction to Facial Expressions DesignModeling of Facial ExpressionsFacial Topology Transformation and ManipulationLocal Facial ModelsFacial SynthesizersAutomated Support of Deceit DetectionSummaryProblemsFurther ReadingReferencesSYNTHETIC IRISState-of-the-Art Iris SynthesisEye ModelIris Image ProcessingIris Synthesis by TransformationIris Synthesis by AssemblingSummaryProblemsFurther ReadingReferencesBIOMETRIC DATA STRUCTURE REPRESENTATION BY VORONOI DIAGRAMSVoronoi Data StructureBasics of Voronoi Diagram TechniqueDirect and Inverse Voronoi TransformPropertiesVoronoi Data Structure in Topological Analysis and SynthesisTopological Compatibility of the Voronoi DiagramImplementing the Discrete Voronoi Transform with a Distance TransformCalculating Area Voronoi Diagrams using Nearest-Neighbor TransformSummaryProblemsFurther ReadingReferencesSYNTHETIC DNAIntroductionBasics of DNA BiometricsDNA/Protein Synthesis TechniquesExamples of Markov ModelsPostprocessing: Pairwise AlignmentsAlgorithm for Sequence GenerationSummaryProblemsFurther ReadingReferencesINDEX