Antidiabetic Potential of Plants in the Era of Omics

Here is an informative overview of diabetes mellitus in conjunction with plant-based treatments. It discusses available methods for studying the antidiabetic activities of scientifically developed plant products, mechanisms of action, their therapeutic superiority, and current genome editing research perspectives and biotechnological approaches. The book begins with an introduction to diabetes, giving a brief overview of the history, diagnosis, classification, pathophysiology, and risk factors. It goes on to review traditional uses of plants for diabetes along with ethnobotanical information. The results of scientific studies on the various modes of action of antidiabetic plants are discussed, such as the molecular aspects of active plantbased antidiabetic drug molecules. A section featuring recent biotechnological advancements of antidiabetic plants and plant-based antidiabetic drugs covers advances in molecular breeding and application of molecular markers, biotechnologically engineered transgenic medicinal plants, and advances in genomic editing tools and techniques.

PART I: INTRODUCTION TO DIABETES 1. Diabetes Mellitus: History, Diagnosis, Classification, Pathophysiology, Risk Factors Younis Ahmad Hajam, Javid Ahmad Malik, Deepu Pandita, and Raksha Rani 2. Diabetes Mellitus: Signs and Symptoms, Epidemiology, Current Prevention, and Management Therapies and Treatments Younis Ahmad Hajam, Raksha Rani, Javid Ahmad Malik, Anu Pandita, Riya Sharma, and Rajesh Kumar PART II: ANTIDIABETIC PLANTS IN SYSTEMS OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE 3. The "Green Healers" of Diabetes Mellitus: An Ayurvedic Eye Arun Bhanu K and Lavanya Mohan 4. Concept of Diabetes Mellitus and Antidiabetic Plants in the Unani System of Medicine Ahmad Ali and Nikhat Shaikh 5. Omics Technology in Antidiabetic Plant Research Seema Singh, Charanjit Singh, and Abdul Hadi 6. Ethnobotanical Information of Medicinal Plants Used for Diabetes Mellitus in the Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve, Andhra Pradesh, India A. Madhusudhana Reddy and C. Nagendra PART III: MODES OF ACTION 7. Overview of Steviol Glycosides: Action toward Diabetes Control Payal Agarwal, Renitta Jobby, and Pamela Jha 8. Mechanism of Action of the Traditional and Modern Phyto-Biotics in the Treatment of Diabetes in the Current Era K. Venkata Ratnam, Lepakshi Md. Bhakshu, and R. R. Venkata Raju 9. Molecular Insights of Active Plant-Based Antidiabetic Drug Molecules Pravallika, B. S. Supreetha, V. Veena, J. Selvakumar, and Harikrishnan PART IV: RECENT BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS OF ANTIDIABETIC PLANTS AND PLANT-BASED ANTIDIABETES DRUGS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES WITH GENOME EDITING TECHNOLOGIES 10. Molecular Breeding and Application of Molecular Markers for Improvement of Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants Sameena Shaik, Anand Kumar, Gunti Mallikarjuna, Guru Lakshmi Kola, P. Chandra Obul Reddy, and A. Chandra Sekhar 11. Biotechnologically Engineered Transgenic Medicinal Plants: Exploration of Antidiabetic Properties Priya Sundarrajan and Lekha Bhagtaney 12. Transcriptomic Studies of Medicinal Plants Elucidating Their Role in Diabetes Rohit Kumar, Lata Sharma, and Neelesh Kapoor 13. How Metabolomics Shapes the Future of Drugs in Antidiabetic Plants Javid Ahmad Malik, Shaza Hussiny Aly, Younis Ahmad Hajam, and Sameer Quazi 14. Zinc Finger Nuclease Based Genome Editing in Enhancement of Antidiabetic Activity of Plants: Prospective Applications Parama Majumdar, Geetanjali Harale, Suman Ganger, and Sheetal Pardeshi 15. Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (Talens): A Genome Editing Tool to Explore Enhanced Activity of Antidiabetic Plants Geetanjali Harale, Sheetal Pardeshi, Parama Majumdar, and Suman Ganger

Deepu Pandita, MPhilSenior Lecturer, Government Department of School Education, Jammu, Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaDeepu Pandita is working as a Senior Lecturer in the Government Department of School Education, Jammu, Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Deepu Pandita has more than 18 years of teaching experience and earned her Master of Botany (MSc) at the University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India, and Master of Philosophy (MPhil) in Biotechnology from the University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Deepu Pandita has a number of international and national courses to her credit. Deepu Pandita has qualified fellowships including JRF NET and SRF from the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India, Biotechnology Fellowship, Government Department of Science and Technology, Jammu & Kashmir, India; and IASC-INSA-NASI Summer Research Teacher Fellowship, India. Deepu Pandita has presented her research at work at both the national and international conferences and was awarded a Best Oral Presentation Award in the International Conference on Biotechnology for Better Tomorrow, a Women Researcher Award, and Research Excellence Award by two professional associations in India. Deepu Pandita is a life member of various scientific societies. Deepu Pandita acts as a reviewer (18 journals) and associate editor and editor of a number of international journals. Deepu Pandita has published a number of editorials, 25 book chapters (Springer, Elsevier, CRC, etc.), reviews, and research articles in various journals of national and international repute like Cells (MDPI) (IF=7.666), Frontiers in Plant Sciences (IF=5.753), and Frontiers in Physiology (IF=4.566) and has currently six books in the process of production. Anu Pandita, MScDietician, Vatsalya Clinic, New Delhi, IndiaAnu Pandita is working as a Senior Dietician at Vatsalya Clinic, E-5/11, Krishna Nagar, New Delhi, India. Previously she worked as a Lecturer at the Bee Enn College of Nursing, Talab Tillo, Jammu, India, and Dietician at the Ahinsa Dham Bhagwan Mahavir Charitable Health Centre, New Delhi, India. Anu Pandita has done her MSc internship and a course in the Dietetics Department of PGI, Chandigarh, India. Anu Pandita has taken a case study at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Ward at ‘‘Nehru Hospital’’ PGI, Chandigarh, India, on a patient suffering from chronic liver disease. She earned a certificate for a course in food and nutrition as well. She has a number of training sessions, refresher courses, and workshops to her credit. Anu Pandita is a life-time member of the Indian Dietetic Association and Indian Science Congress Association, Kolkata, India. Anu Pandita has presented her research at work at both the national and international conferences. Anu Pandita has published various book chapters in Springer, CRC, etc., publications and has a number of review and research articles in various journals of national and international repute, including Cells (MDPI) (IF=7.666) and Frontiers in Physiology (IF=4.566). She currently has six books in the process of production. Chander Bhanu, MBBSSenior Consultant Physician, Vatsalya Clinic; Dr. Kailash Chander Jain Memorial Clinic; Ahinsa Dham Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Center, New Delhi, IndiaDr. Chander Bhanu is a Senior Consultant Physician at the Vatsalya Clinic at the Dr. Kailash Chander Jain Memorial Clinic and at the Ahinsa Dham Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Center, all in New Delhi, India. Previously he was a neuro associate at the Institute of Brain and Spine; resident medical officer in at the Vidya Sagar Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Hospital, New Delhi; Chief Medical Officer at Primus Hospital, where he handled international cases from various embassies; and a medical officer in the Neurology and Neurosurgery Departments at Fortis Hospital. He has expertise and experience in various clinical procedures such as pleural tapping, ascitic tapping, lumbar puncture, suturing, and other procedures both in pediatrics and adult groups and deals with stroke and accident cases as well. Dr. Bhanu earned his Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) from Govt. Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, and a Post Graduate Diploma in Diabetes and Clinical Endocrinology (P.G.D.D.C.E) from the Royal College of Physicians, United Kingdom. Dr. Chander Bhanu has certification in diabetes mellitus accredited by Royal Liverpool Academy, United Kingdom.