Antibiosis and Host Immunity

This book contains 32 chapters based on the corresponding papers delivered at the International Symposium on Antimicrobial Agents and Immunity, held in Siena, Italy on May 2-4, 1985 as a Satellite Symposium of the Third International Conference on Immunopharmacology, held in Florence, Italy on May 6-10, 1985. As editors we express our profound appreciation and gratitude to the authors who have contributed so richly to this volume, and we think that it may not be too much to hope that a new cadre of investigators and students will share this gratitude for these records of experience and insight into antibiotic and host-parasite interactions. We owe a very special gratitude to Mrs. Christine Abarca for her outstanding editorial assistance in the preparation of this book. Andor Szentivanyi, M.D. University Distinguished Professor Departments of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine University of South Florida College of Medicine Tampa, Florida Herman Friedman, Ph.D. Professor and Chairman Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of South Florida College of Medicine Tampa, Florida Gunther Gillissen, M.D., Ph.D. Professor and Chairman Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine RWTH, Aachen, F.R.G.

Section I Historical Background and Introductory Overview.- Immunomodulatory Effects of Some Antibiotic-Induced Changes in Bacterial and Host Determinants -.- Section II Influence of Antibiotics on Bacteria as Related to Host Immunity.- The Influence of Subinhibitory Concentrations of Antibiotics on the Bacterial Surface with Respect to Host Defense Mechanisms.- Lectins and Lectin Receptors on ?-Lactam Resistant and Susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains. Significance for Attachment and Intracellular Killing by Human PMN.- The Effect of Subinhibitory Concentrations of Clindamycin on the Adherence and Glycocalyx of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacteroides Species In Vitro and In Vivo.- In Vitro Effects of Sub-MIC’s of Antibiotics on the Antigenicity and Immunogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.- Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacteria as Related to Immunogenicity.- Antibiotic Modification of Bacterial Susceptibility to Host Immunity.- Section III Influence of Antibiotics on Host Defenses In Vivo.- Antibiotics and Host Defense in Immunocompromised Patients.- Amphotericin-B Induced Immunomodulation of Resistance Against Candida albicans Infection.- The Influence of Antibiotics on the Serum Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae.- Uptake and Antibacterial Effects of Antibiotics Within Cells.- Effects of Suramin on the Mouse Immune System.- Immunomodulation by Antiviral Agents (Abstract only).- Antiviral Agents in the Treatment of Herpes Virus Infections in Immunosuppressed Patients.- The Effect of Some Antibiotics on Interferon Production.- Section IV Antimicrobial Effects on Phagocytic Function of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes, Monocytes, and Macrophages.- Influence of Different Tetracyclines on Granulocyte Functions.- Effects of Antimicrobial Agents on Some Phases ofNeutrophil Chemotaxis.- Influence of Subinhibitory Concentrations of Clindamycin on Phagocytosis of S.aureus.- Antibiotic-Induced Changes in the Pathogenicity of Bacteria and Their Influence on the Interaction of Bacteria with Phagocytic Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.- A Model for In Vitro Testing of Drug Effects on Neutrophil Function.- Effect if ?-Lactam Antibiotics on the Bactericidal Activity of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Against Escherichia coli.- Phagocytosis of E.coli, K.pneumoniae, and S.aureus by Human -Granulocytes.- Antibacterial Activity of Monocytes and Macrophages Against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Combination with Latamoxef.- Influence of Antibiotics on Phagocytosis of Klebsiella pneumonia by Guinea Pig Alveolar Macrophages.- Section V Antimicrobial Effects on Humohal and Cellular Lymphocyte Responses.- Influence of the Quinolones and Tetracycline on Specific T-Cell Antigen Interactions In Vitro and on Delayed Type Hypersensitivity to SRBC in Mice.- Influence of Antibiotics on Mitogen-Stimulated and Non-Stimulated Murine Splenic Lymphocytes.- Stimulation of Suppressor Cell Activity by Cefadroxil.- Antibiotics and Suppression of Lymphocyte Response In Vitro: Protection by Thiol Compounds.- Section VI Relationship between Immune Stimulators and Antibiotics.- Amphotericin B — A Model Murine Immunostimulant.- Attempts to Explain Immunological Side Effects of Antibiotics on the Production of Cellular Mediators.- Combined Activities of an Antibiotic and an Immunostimulating Lauroyltetrapeptide on Bacterial Infections (Abstract only).- Prohost Modulation of Immunity by Isoprinosine and NPT 15392.- Muramyl Dipeptides, Host Immunity and Enhancement.- Contributors.