1. Extremophiles: Diversity, Biotechnological Applications and Current Trends Yogita Lugani and Venkata Ramana Vemuluri 2. Extremophiles for Sustainable Bio-energy Production: Diversity, Enzymology and Current Applications Amit Verma, Tirath Raj, Shulbhi Verma, Varun Kumar and Ruchi Agrawal 3. Extremophiles: Life of Microorganisms in Extreme Environments Rahul Kumar, Ramchander Merugu, Swati Mohapatra, Sneha Sharma and Hemlata 4. Understanding the Role of a Thermophilic Genus Geobacillus in the Hydrolytic and Oxidative Degradation of Plant Biomass Insights from Genomics and Metagenomic Analyses Tanvi Govil, David R. Salem and Rajesh K. Sani 5. Bioprospecting Extremophiles for Sustainable Biobased Industry Neha Basotra, Yashika Raheja, Gaurav Sharma, Kumud Ashish Singh, Diksha Sharma, Rohit Rai and Bhupinder Singh Chadha 6. Exploration of Extremophiles for Value-Added Products: A Step Towards Sustainable Bio-refinery Surojit Bera, Trinetra Mukherjee, Subhabrata Das, Sandip Mondal, Suprabhat Mukherjee and Sagnik Chakraborty 7. Advancements in Extremozymes and their Potential Applications in Biorefinery Nivedita Sharma and Nisha Sharma 8. Psychrophilic Enzymes: Adaptations and Industrial Relevance Shivika Sharma, Vikas Sharma, Subhankar Chatterjee and Sachin Kumar 9. Advancements in Hemicellulosic Extremozymes and Their Applications: A Future Perspective Sweety Kaur, Gurmeen Rakhra and Richa Arora 10. Extremophiles in Aviation Biofuel Production S.M. Bhatt 11. Application of Extremophiles in the Area of Bioenergy Nibedita Sarkar 12. Biofuel Production from Biomass using Extremophilic Microorganisms Sunny Kumar 13. Bioprocessing of Agricultural Residues for Biofuel Production: Current Scenario Richa Arora, Sonali Thakur, Sweety Kaur and Sachin Kumar