Engineering Design and Mathematical Modelling Concepts and Applications

Engineering Design and Mathematical Modelling: Concepts and Applications consists of chapters that span the Engineering design and mathematical modelling domains. Engineering design and mathematical modelling are key tools/techniques in the Science, Technology and Innovation spheres. Whilst engineering design is concerned with the creation of functional innovative products and processes, mathematical modelling seeks to utilize mathematical principles and concepts to describe and control real world phenomena. Both of these can be useful tools for spurring and hastening progress in developing countries. They are also areas where Africa needs to ‘skill-up’ in order to build a technological base. The chapters in this book cover the relevant research trends in the fields of both engineering design and mathematical modelling. This book was originally published as a special issue of the African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development.

Preface: Exposure to the African Roots of Mathematics Modelling and Engineering Design Mammo Muchie and Nnamdi Nwulu Introduction: Engineering design and mathematical modelling: Concepts and applications Nnamdi Nwulu and Mammo Muchie 1. Current state and trajectory of design engineering in Kenya Hailemichael Teshome Demissie 2. Student’s perception of engineering design for competitiveness in Africa: The case of Tanzania, East Africa Lawrence Joseph Kerefu and Juliana Zawadi Machuve 3. Barriers hindering biomimicry adoption and application in the construction industry Olusegun A. Oguntona and Clinton O. Aigbavboa 4. Inventory of kiln stacks emissions and health risk assessment: Case of a cement industry in Southwest Nigeria Solomon O. Giwa, Collins N. Nwaokocha and Abayomi T. Layeni 5. Modelling the effects of exposure to risk on junior faculty productivity incentives under the academic tenure system Ibrahim Niankara 6. Analyses of mathematical models for city population dynamics under heterogeneity O.C. Collins, T.S. Simelane and K.J. Duffy 7. Mathematical model showing how socioeconomic dynamics in African cities could widen or reduce inequality Obiora Cornelius Collins, Thokozani Silas Simelane and Kevin Jan Duffy 8. Exchange rate impact on output and inflation: A historical perspective from Zimbabwe Nyasha Mahonye and Tatenda Zengeni 9. A mathematical formulation of the joint economic and emission dispatch problem of a renewable energy-assisted prosumer microgrid Uyikumhe Damisa and Nnamdi I. Nwulu 10. A simplified control scheme for electric vehicle-power grid circuit with DC distribution and battery storage systems Kabeya Musasa, Musole Innocent Muheme, Nnamdi Ikechi Nwulu and Mammo Muchie 11. Temporal analysis of electricity consumption for prepaid metered low- and high-income households in Soweto, South Africa Njabulo Kambule, Kowiyou Yessoufou, Nnamdi Nwulu and Charles Mbohwa 12. A novel approach for the identification of critical nodes and transmission lines for mitigating voltage instability in power networks Akintunde Samson Alayande and Nnamdi Nwulu 13. Design, construction and mathematical modelling of the performance of a biogas digester for a family in the Eastern Cape province, South AfricaPatrick Mukumba, Golden Makaka, Sampson Mamphweli and Peace-maker Masukume Conclusion: Post Scriptum, Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Design to Promote STEM Education in Africa Mammo Muchie & Nnmandi Nwulu

Professor Nnamdi Nwulu is researcher, educationist and engineer. He holds BSc and MSc degrees in Electrical & Electronic Engineering and a PhD degree in Electrical Engineering. He is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Science at the University of Johannesburg. He is also a Professional Engineer registered with the Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA), an National Research Foundation (NRF) rated researcher, a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), a Senior Research Associate in the SARChI Chair in Innovation Studies at the Tshwane University of Science and Technology and Associate Editor of the African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development (AJSTID). Mammo Muchie founded the African Journal on Science, Technology, Innovation and Development (AJSTID) in 2008 and has served as its Editor-in-Chief, ever since. He has been given the Best Institutional Senior Researcher of the Year Merit and the Academic Excellence Award. Professor Muchie’s scholarly contribution to the discipline of innovation has been in strengthening and contextualising the theoretical framework of National Innovation Systems as applied to the African context. Without his work, the principles and theory of the National Innovation Systems, as they are practised in the developed and industrial economies, could not be applied directly to the developing or under-developed and largely agrarian economies of the African continent.