Recognizing faces - perceiving and identifying objects; reading words - sight and sound in recognizing patterns; telling sheep from goats - categorizing objects; reaching for a glass of beer - planning and controlling movements; tapping your head and rubbing your stomach - doing two things at once; doing mental arithmetic - holding information and operations for a short time; answering the question - planning and producing speech; listening to a lecture - perceiving, understanding, or ignoring a spoken message; witnessing an accident - encoding, storing, and retrieving memories; celebrating a birthday - memory of your past, in the present and for the future; arriving in a new city - acquiring and using spatial knowledge; investigating a murder - making inferences and solcing problems; diagnosing an illness - uncertainty and risk in making decisions.