Agriculture and Ecosystem Resilience in Sub Saharan Africa Livelihood Pathways Under Changing Climate

This volume discusses emerging contexts of agricultural and ecosystem resilience in Sub Saharan Africa, as well as contemporary technological advances that have influenced African livelihoods. In six sections, the book addresses the sustainable development goals to mitigate the negative impacts on agricultural productivity brought about by climate change in Africa. Some of the challenges assessed include soil degradation, land use changes, natural resource mismanagement, declining crop productivity, and economic stagnation. This book will be of interest to researchers, NGOs, and development organizations.

Chapter1: Agricultural Food Crop Production and Management Challenges under the Variable Climatic Conditions in Rungwe district, Tanzania.- Chapter2: Constraints to Agricultural Transformation in Yumbe District-Uganda.- Chapter3: Indigenous grasses for rehabilitating degraded African drylands.- Chapter4: Adoption of Recommended Maize Production Practices and Productivity among Farmers in Morogoro District, Tanzania.- Chapter5: Nitrate-Nitrogen Pollution and Attenuation Upstream of the Okavango Delta in Angola and Namibia.- Chapter6: Biochar application to soil for increased resilience of agroecosystems to climate change in Eastern and Southern Africa.- Chapter7: The Efficacy of the Soil Conservation Technologies Adopted in Mountain Agro-Ecosystems in Uganda.- Chapter8: Consequences of Land Tenure on Biodiversity in Arabuko Sokoke Forest Reserve in Kenya: Towards Responsible Land Management Outcomes.- Chapter9: Abundance and Diversity of Wetland Birds: The Case of Dinder National Park, Sudan.- Chapter10: Characterising the hydrological regime of a tropical papyrus wetland in the Lake Kyoga Basin, Uganda.- Chapter11: Ecological Sustainability: Miombo Woodland Conservation with Livestock Production in Sub-Saharan Africa.- Chapter12: Impacts of dams on downstream riparian ecosystems’ health and community livelihoods: A case of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project.- Chapter13: The fragility of agricultural landscapes and resilience of communities to landslide occurrence in the tropical humid environments of Kigezi highlands in South Western Uganda.- Chapter14: The loss of agricultural and ecological resilience of abandoned lands in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.- Chapter15: Catching Rain: Sand Dams and other strategies to develop locally resilient water supplies in semi-arid areas of Kenya.- Chapter16: Are Livestock keepers in and around forests key stakeholders in forest management?Experiences from Mabira Central Forest Reserve, Uganda.- Chapter17: A Review of Studies related to Charcoal Production, Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Tanzania.- Chapter18: Aboveground Species Diversity and Carbon Stocks in Small Holder Coffee Agroforestsry in the Highlands of Uganda.- Chapter19: The contribution of smallholder tree growers to increasing tree cover in Kaliro District.- Chapter20: Climate Impact Adaptation through Aquaculture: Ecological Considerations and Regulatory Requirements for Tropical Africa.- Chapter21: Livelihood Resilience, Climate Risk Management and Agriculture in the mid Zambezi Valley, Zimbabwe.- Chapter22: Determinants of Urban Resilience in sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.- Chapter23: Determinants of Utilization of Strategies that Enhance Farmers' Resilience to Rainfall Variability in Mt. Elgon Region, Eastern Uganda.- Chapter24: On the Adoption of Climate Smart Agricultural Technologies andPractices in Drylands in Uganda: Evidence from a Micro-level Study in Nakasongola District.- Chapter25: Assessing the Efficacy of ICT in Weather Forecast Information Dissemination in Uganda: Evidence from Farming Communities in Mbale and Rakai Districts.- Chapter26: Empowering rural farmers in Africa to improve their livelihood through effective environment risk communication: Case study Uganda.- Chapter27: Effectiveness of Communication Channels on Level of Awareness and determinants of Adoption of Improved Common Bean Technologies among Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania.- Chapter28: Implications of the Media-Scientists’ Relationship on the Crop Biotechnology Debate in Uganda.- Chapter29: Pathways for Addressing Gender Based Constraints for Effective Participation in Profitable Crop Value Chains in Tanzania.- Chapter30: The Impacts of Climate Change on Small Holder Households in Mt. Elgon Region of Uganda -Does Gender matter?.- Chapter31: UsingIndigenous Knowledge to Enhance Rainfall Forecasts among Smallholder Farmers in Mt. Elgon Region, Eastern Uganda?.- Chapter32: Gender norms, technology access and women farmers’ vulnerability to climate change in Sub-Saharan Africa.- Chapter33: Identification of optimal agricultural development strategies in the West African Sahel Mékrou transboundary river basin.

Yazidhi Bamutaze, PhD is working as Associate Professor and currently the Head, Department of Geography, Geo-Informatics and Climatic Sciences, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University. He holds a PhD in Geography from Makerere University, an MSc. In Geo-Information Science and Earth observation from ITC, Netherlands and a Bachelors degree in Geography from Makerere University. He has over 21 years of proven professional experience, leadership, and training grounded largely in Africa but also with collaborations in Europe, North America and Asia. His line of research expertise primarily lie in Geomorphology, land degradadtion, Natural Hazards, Disaster Risk Management coupling applications of Geographic Information Science and Remote sensing. He has co-authored over 40 scientific publications and co-edited a series of books. He has contributed towards the development of active-learning pedagogy, training programs at Makerere University and other universities in Africa, and mentoring of the next generation of scientists. He has chaired a range of international scientific meetings and cuurently serves on the executive of the African Association of Remote Sensing of the Environment (AARSE), International Geographical Union (IGU) Commission on African Studies, International Association of Landscape Ecology (IALE-Africa). As a major dissertation adviser to graduate students, he has successfully directed 20 students, 5 at PhD level. Many of his former students have attained responsible positions in academic, industrial, and government. He has also served on over 10 Ph.D and 30 Masters Committees.

Bal Ram Singh, PhD is a professor emeritus at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences.  He earned his Ph.D. degree from G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, India. His program focuses on bioavailability and mobility of heavy metals in the soil and plant system, fertility management and agricultural sustainability^ 200 scientists from 31 countries participated. He has supervised 76 graduate students and 16 visiting fellows/scientists from 20 countries and published 430 articles, of which 240 in peer-reviewed journals and books.   Prof.  Singh is a fellow of ASA (2004) and SSSA (2005) and recipient of International Award in Soil Science (SSSA) in 2011.  He is currently Chair of Division 3 of the International Union of Soil Science, President of the Norwegian Society of Soil Science and member of the Geomedicine committee –Food, Environment and Health of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.

Samuel Kyamanya: He obtained his Ph.D in Agricultural Entomology from Makerere University under the African Regional Post graduate Programme in Insect Science at the ICIPE in Nairobi Kenya, and a BSc in Agriculture from Makerere University. He has  over 30 years teaching and research expertise in Agricultural Entomology and Pest Management. He was, Principal ofthe College of Agricultural and Environmental Science; Dean, Faculty of Agriculture, and Head of Crop Science Department at Makerere University.  He was Deputy Vice Chancellor at Kyambogo University, and a Scientist at the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology in Nairobi Kenya. He was Chairman of the Agricultural Chemicals Technical Committee of the Uganda Agricultural Chemicals Board, Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF).  He was member of the Advisory Board of Center for Sustainable Rural Livelihood- Iowa State University. He has served as (i) Council member of African Rural University, and (ii) Chairman of the Advisory Committee of Uganda National Coffee Resources Research Institute. Prof. Kyamanywa has been Principal Investigator for 18 research projects, including eight regional projects.  He has supervised 66 MSc and 10 PhD students. He has over 73 publications in International Journals, 68 papers in conference proceedings,three chapters in 3 textbooks, and one handbook.

Rattan Lal, Ph.D., is a Distinguished University Professor of Soil Science and Director of the Carbon Management and Sequestration Center, The Ohio State University, and an Adjunct Professor of University of Iceland. He received B.S. from Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana; M.S. from Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi and Ph.D. from the Ohio State University. He served as Sr. Research Fellow with the University of Sydney, Australia (1968-69), Soil Physicist at IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria (1970-87), and Professor of Soil Science at OSU (1987-to date). He has authored/co-authored 919 refereed journal articles and 535 book chapters, has written 22 and edited/co-edited 70 books. He is included in the Thomson Reuters list of the World’s Most Influential Scientific Minds (2014, 2015), and among the most cited scientists (2014 to 2018). He received the Honoris Causa degree from six universities in Europe, USA andAsia,