The Global Journalist in the 21st Century

The Global Journalist in the 21st Century systematically assesses the demographics, education, socialization, professional attitudes and working conditions of journalists in various countries around the world. This book updates the original Global Journalist (1998) volume with new data, adding more than a dozen countries, and provides material on comparative research about journalists that will be useful to those interested in doing their own studies. The editors put together this collection working under the assumption that journalists’ backgrounds, working conditions and ideas are related to what is reported (and how it is covered) in the various news media round the world, in spite of societal and organizational constraints, and that this news coverage matters in terms of world public opinion and policies. Outstanding features include: Coverage of 33 nations located around the globe, based on recent surveys conducted among representative samples of local journalists Comprehensive analyses by well-known media scholars from each country A section on comparative studies of journalists An appendix with a collection of survey questions used in various nations to question journalists As the most comprehensive and reliable source on journalists around the world, The Global Journalist will serve as the primary source for evaluating the state of journalism. As such, it promises to become a standard reference among journalism, media, and communication students and researchers around the world.

FOREWORD TO NEW EDITION 1: INTRODUCTION David Weaver and Lars Willnat JOURNALISTS IN ASIA 2: JOURNALISTS IN CHINA Hongzhong Zhang 3: JOURNALISTS IN HONG KONG: A DECADE AFTER THE TRANSFER OF SOVEREIGNTY Joseph M. Chan, Francis L. F. Lee, and Clement Y. K. So 4: JOURNALISTS IN INDONESIA Thomas Hanitzsch and Dedy N. Hidayat 5: THE JAPANESE JOURNALIST IN TRANSITION: CONTINUITY AND CHANGE Shinji Oi, Mitsuru Fukuda and Shinsuke Sako 6: KOREAN JOURNALISTS IN THE 21ST CENTURY Young Jun Son, Sung Tae Kim and Jihyang Choi 7: MALAYSIAN JOURNALISTS Ezhar Tamam, Sony Jalarajan Raj, and Manimaran Govindasamy 8: SINGAPORE JOURNALISM: BUYING INTO A WINNING FORMULA Xiaoming Hao and Cherian George 9: JOURNALISTS IN TAIWAN Ven-hwei Lo JOURNALISTS IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 10: THE AUSTRALIAN JOURNALIST IN THE 21ST CENTURY Beate Josephi and Ian Richards 11: JOURNALISTS IN NEW ZEALAND Geoff Lealand and James Hollings JOURNALISTS IN EUROPE 12: A SURVEY OF PROFESSIONAL JOURNALISTS IN FLANDERS (BELGIUM) Karin Raeymaeckers, Steve Paulussen and Jeroen De Keyser 13: MEDIA PROFESSIONALS OR ORGANIZATIONAL MARIONETTES? PROFESSIONAL VALUES AND CONSTRAINTS OF DANISH JOURNALISTS Morten Skovsgaard, Erik Albæk, Peter Bro, and Claes de Vreese 14: FINNISH JOURNALISTS: THE QUEST FOR QUALITY AMIDST NEW PRESSURES Jyrki Jyrkiäinen and Ari Heinonen 15: THE FRENCH JOURNALIST Aralynn Abare McMane 16: JOURNALISM IN GERMANY IN THE 21ST CENTURY Siegfried Weischenberg, Maja Malik and Armin Scholl 17: BRITISH JOURNALISTS Karen Sanders and Mark Hanna 18: JOURNALISM IN HUNGARY Maria Vasarhelyi 19: JOURNALISTS AND JOURNALISM IN THE NETHERLANDS Alexander Pleijter, Liesbeth Hermans & Maurice Vergeer 20: THE JOURNALISTS AND JOURNALISM OF POLAND Agnieszka Stepinska, Szymon Ossowski, Lidia Pokrzycka, and Jakub Nowak 21: RUSSIAN JOURNALISTS AND THEIR PROFESSION Svetlana Pasti, Mikhail Chernysh and Luiza Svitich 22: JOURNALISM IN SLOVENIA Peter Lah and Suzana Žilic-Fišer 23: JOURNALISTS IN SPAIN Pedro Farias, Francisco Javier Paniagua Rojano, and Sergio Roses 24: SWEDISH JOURNALISTS: BETWEEN PROFESSIONALIZATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION Jesper Strömbäck, Lars Nord, and Adam Shehata 25: JOURNALISTS IN SWITZERLAND: STRUCTURE AND ATTITUDES Heinz Bonfadelli, Guido Keel, Mirko Marr, and Vinzenz Wyss JOURNALISTS IN NORTH AMERICA 26: THE PROFESSIONAL CREED OF QUEBEC’S JOURNALISTS IN CANADA Marc-François Bernier and Marsha Barber 27: U.S. JOURNALISTS IN THE TUMULTUOUS EARLY YEARS OF THE 21ST CENTURY Bonnie J. Brownlee and Randal A. Beam JOURNALISTS IN SOUTH AMERICA 28: BRAZILIAN JOURNALISTS IN THE 21ST CENTURY Heloiza Golbspan Herscovitz 29: THE CHILEAN JOURNALIST Claudia Mellado with Gustavo González, Carlos Del Valle, Claudia Lagos and Magdalena Saldaña 30: JOURNALISTS IN COLOMBIA Jesus Arroyave and Marta Milena Barrios 31: MAJOR TRENDS OF JOURNALIST STUDIES IN LATIN AMERICA: A META-ANALYSIS OF FIVE DECADES OF RESEARCH Claudia Mellado JOURNALISTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST 32: ARAB JOURNALISTS Lawrence Pintak and Jeremy Ginges 33: JOURNALISTS IN ISRAEL Yariv Tsfati and Oren Meyers 34: JOURNALISTS IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Mohamed Kirat COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF JOURNALISM 35: WORLDS OF JOURNALISM: JOURNALISTIC CULTURES, PROFESSIONAL AUTONOMY AND PERCEIVED INFLUENCES ACROSS 18 NATIONS Thomas Hanitzsch et al. 36: FOREIGN JOURNALISTS – AN ENDANGERED SPECIES? Lars Willnat and Jason Martin 37: POLITICAL JOURNALISTS: COVERING POLITICS IN THE DEMOCRATIC CORPORATIST MEDIA SYSTEM Arjen van Dalen and Peter Van Aelst CONCLUSIONS 38: CONCLUSIONS David Weaver and Lars Willnat ABOUT THE AUTHORS INDEX

David H. Weaver is the Roy W. Howard Professor in Journalism and Mass Communication Research in the School of Journalism at Indiana University's Bloomington campus. He is widely published in journalism and political communication. Lars Willnat is Professor in the School of Journalism at Indiana University. Before joining IU in 2009, Professor Willnat taught at the George Washington University in Washington, DC and at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. His research interests include media effects on political attitudes, theoretical aspects of public opinion formation, international communication, and political communication in Asia.