Hybrid Approaches to Machine Translation

This volume provides an overview of the field of Hybrid Machine Translation (MT) and presents some of the latest research conducted by linguists and practitioners from different multidisciplinary areas. Nowadays, most important developments in MT are achieved by combining data-driven and rule-based techniques. These combinations typically involve hybridization of different traditional paradigms, such as the introduction of linguistic knowledge into statistical approaches to MT, the incorporation of data-driven components into rule-based approaches, or statistical and rule-based pre- and post-processing for both types of MT architectures.

The book is of interest primarily to MT specialists, but also – in the wider fields of Computational Linguistics, Machine Learning and Data Mining – to translators and managers of translation companies and departments who are interested in recent developments concerning automated translation tools.

Preface.- Foreword.- Chapter 1. Hybrid Machine Translation Overview.- Part 1: Adding Linguistics into SMT.- Chapter 2.  Controllent Ascent: Imbuing Statistical MT with Linguistic knowledge.- Chapter 3.  Hybrid Word Alignment.- Chapter 4.  Syntax in SMT.- Part 2. Using Machine Learning in MT.- Chapter 5.  Machine Learning in RBMT.- Chapter 6. Language-Independent Hybrid MT.- Part 3.  Hybrid NLP tools useful for MT.- Chapter 7. Use of Dependency Parsers in MT.- Chapter 8.  Word Sense Disambiguation in MT.

Marta R. Costa-jussà is a MarieCurie fellow at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC, Barcelona). Her research expertise is in machine translation and automatic speech recognition, including both experience in hybrid methodologies and scarce resources. She received her PhD from the UPC in 2008.

She has worked at LIMSI-CNRS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Media Innovation Center, Universidade de São Paulo, Institute for Infocomm Research and Instituto Politécnico Nacional. She has received prestigious and competitive fellowships including a Ramon y Cajal. She has participated in 12 European and National (Spanish, French and Brazilian) projects. She has organized 7 conferences/workshops among which there is the ACL Workshops on “Hybrid Approaches to Translation”, done more than 20 invited talks and published over 100 papers in international scientific journals and conferences receiving several awards. She has been cooperating with companies (TaUYou, UniversalDoctor and bmmt) as a consultant.

Reinhard Rapp received a PhD in Information Science from the University of Konstanz and is currently a member of faculty and a Marie Curie researcher at the University of Mainz, Department of Translation Studies, Linguistics and Cultural Studies. His research and teaching centers around language technology, with focus on machine translation, computer-assisted translation, comparable corpora, and lexical semantics. He has co-authored and co-edited more than 150 publications, among them 25 books and proceedings.

Patrik Lambert received a master’s degree in Physics from McGill University. He completed, in 2008, a PhD in Artificial Intelligence at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC). He then worked as post-doctoral researcher at the Center for Next Generation Localisation in Dublin City University. In 2009 he joined the LST group at Le Mans University as post- doctoral researcher. He has taught undergraduate courses in several Universities. His current research interests include word and sentence alignment, adaptive and evolutive Statistical Machine Translation Models, as well as cross-lingual sentiment analysis. The systems he contributed showed excellent performance in public evaluation campaigns such as NIST or the Workshop of Machine Translation. He has published more than 40 papers in international journals and conference proceedings. He has participated in several national and international projects such as TC-STAR, Euromatrix Plus and Gale, working in languages such as Chinese, Arabic and European languages.

Kurt Eberle is managing director, co-founder and –owner of Lingenio GmbH, a former spin-off company of IBM research Germany developing and marketing machine translation products and dictionaries. He studied mathematics, romance languages and computational linguistics in Tübingen, Freiburg, Paris and Heidelberg and received his PhD and Habilitation from the Institute for Natural Language Processing (IMS) at the University of Stuttgart. In the 90s he directed a number of semantics- and machine translation-projects at the  IMS and was in charge of the development of German-French machine translation at IBM research Germany. Besides this he served as a member of the board of the Journal of Semantics and of other editorial boards and program committees, is associate professor at the University of Heidelberg and published about  60 contributions to topics from discourse semantics,  pragmatics,  temporal logic and machine translation.

Bogdan Babych is a lecturer at the Centre for Translation Studies of the University of Leeds. He is teaching modules on principles and applications of the Machine Translation technology and is an author of over 30 publications in the areas of Machine Translation evaluation, using Comparable Corpora for MT, developing new linguistic models for Machine Translation, improving the q